We are a Japanese publisher of Light Novels, Comics, Literary Fiction, and Picture Books for children. Our titles are translated and distributed by our licensee in 8 countries in Asia, China, Europe and the US.Our publication consist of two companies: 1) MICRO MAGAZINE(MM), and 2) Kill Time Communication (KTC).
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The strongest IP in history has appeared. From Taiwan Future World Center. The ultimate answer to human life that human beings around the world are waiting for.
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This eBook describes the foundation of extraterrestrial microbiology, the scientific discipline that studies microorganisms in outer space, making it a must-read for any student interested in the intersection of astronomy and microbiology. Also discussed are the concerns about and protocols to prevent extraterrestrial contamination at the microscopic level—both of Earth by alien microorganisms and of other worlds by Earth's microorganisms.
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This book provides a selection of microbiological methods which are applicable or already applied in regional or national soil quality monitoring programmes. An overview is given of approaches to monitoring, evaluating and managing soil quality (Part I), followed by a selection of methods which are described in sufficient detail to use the book as a practical handbook in the laboratory (Part II). Finally a census is given of the main methods used in over 30 European laboratories. The book is aimed at different levels: soil scientists, technicians, policy makers, land managers and students.
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This book provides a selection of microbiological methods which are applicable or already applied in regional or national soil quality monitoring programmes. An overview is given of approaches to monitoring, evaluating and managing soil quality (Part I), followed by a selection of methods which are described in sufficient detail to use the book as a practical handbook in the laboratory (Part II). Finally a census is given of the main methods used in over 30 European laboratories. The book is aimed at different levels: soil scientists, technicians, policy makers, land managers and students.
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This book is contemporary, topical and global in its approach, and provides an essential, comprehensive treatise on bovine tuberculosis and the bacterium that causes it, Mycobacterium bovis. Bovine tuberculosis remains a major cause of economic loss in cattle industries worldwide, exacerbated in some countries by the presence of a substantial wildlife reservoir. It is a major zoonosis, causing human infection through consumption of unpasteurised milk or by close contact with infected animals. Following a systematic approach, expert international authors cover epidemiology and the global situation; microbial virulence and pathogenesis; host responses to the pathogen; and diagnosis and control of the disease. Aimed at researchers and practising veterinarians, this book is essential for those needing comprehensive information on the pathogen and disease, and offers a summary of key information learned from human tuberculosis research. It will be useful to those studying the infection and for those responsible for controlling the disease.
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Methods in microbial systematics have developed and changed significantly in the last 40 years. This has resulted in considerable change in both the defining microbial species and the methods required to make reliable identifications. Developments in information technology have enabled ready access to vast amounts of new and historic data online. Establishing both the relevance, and the most appropriate use, of this data is now a major consideration when undertaking identifications and systematic research. This book provides some insights into how current methods and resources are being used in microbial systematics, together with some thoughts and suggestions as to how both methodologies and concepts may develop in the future. It includes coverage of: The philosophy and changes in microbial systematics, including the relevance of names, new concepts of species, and the issues encountered with species that cannot be grown in culture. The application of new identification technologies, specifically those based on nucleic acids and complex chemo-taxonomic methods. The challenges of using published databases and other data resources in arriving at an identification appropriate to current species concepts. The practical requirements of an identification: obtaining and verifying reference cultures and data, and the type and level of identification required by different users. This book is suitable for academic researchers, scientists involved with identification or survey, microbiologists, students and extension workers.
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Taking a disease-based approach, Fish Viruses and Bacteria: Pathobiology and Protection focuses on the pathobiology of and protective strategies against the most common, major microbial pathogens of economically important marine and freshwater fish. The book covers well-studied, notifiable piscine viruses and bacteria, including new and emerging diseases which can become huge threats to local fish populations in new geographical regions if transported there via infected fish or eggs. A concise but thorough reference work, this book: - Covers key viral and bacterial diseases of notable fish species; - Reviews major well-established piscine pathogens as well as new, emerging and notifiable diseases; and - Contains the most up-to-date research contributed by a team of over fifty world experts. An invaluable bench book for fish health consultants, veterinarians and all those wanting instant access to information, this book is also a useful textbook for students specializing in fish health and research scientists initiating fish disease research programmes. ; Taking a disease-based approach, this book focuses on the pathobiology of and protective strategies against the most common, major microbial pathogens of economically important marine and freshwater fish. It covers well-studied, notifiable piscine viruses and bacteria, including new and emerging diseases. ; 1: Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus, Arun K. Dhar, Scott LaPatra, Andrew Orry and F.C. Thomas Allnutt 2: Infectious Haematopoietic Necrosis Virus, Jo-Ann C. Leong and Gael Kurath 3: Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia Virus, John S. Lumsden 4: Epizootic Haematopoietic Necrosis and European Catfish Virus, Paul Hick, Ellen Ariel and Richard Whittington 5: Oncogenic Viruses: Oncorhynchus masou Virus and Cyprinid Herpesvirus, Mamoru Yoshimizu, Hisae Kasai, Yoshihiro Sakoda, Nanako Sano and Motohiko Sano 6: Infectious Salmon Anaemia, Knut Falk and Maria Aamelfot 7: Spring Viraemia of Carp, Peter Dixon and David Stone 8: Channel Catfish Viral Disease, Larry A. Hanson and Lester H. Khoo 9: Largemouth Bass Viral Disease, Rodman G. Getchell and Geoffrey H. Groocock 10: Koi Herpesvirus Disease, Keith Way and Peter Dixon 11: Viral Encephalopathy and Retinopathy, Anna Toffan 12: Iridoviral Diseases: Red Sea Bream Iridovirus and White Sturgeon Iridovirus, Yasuhiko Kawato, Kuttichantran Subramaniam, Kazuhiro Nakajima,Thomas Waltzek and Richard Whittington 13: Alphaviruses in Salmonids, Marius Karlsen and Renate Johansen 14: Aeromonas salmonicida and A. hydrophila, Bjarnheidur K. Gudmundsdottir and Bryndis Bjornsdottir 15: Edwardsiella spp., Matt J. Griffin, Terrence E. Greenway and David J. Wise 16: Flavobacterium spp.: F. psychrophilum, F. columnare and F. branchiophilum, Thomas P. Loch and Mohamed Faisal 17: Francisella noatunensis, Esteban M. Soto and John P. Hawke 18: Mycobacterium spp., David T. Gauthier and Martha W. Rhodes 19: Photobacterium damselae, John P. Hawke 20: Piscirickettsia salmonis, Jerri Bartholomew, Kristen D. Arkush and Esteban M. Soto 21: Renibacterium salmoninarum, Diane G. Elliott 22: Streptococcus iniae and S. agalactiae, Craig A. Shoemaker, De-Hai Xu and Esteban M. Soto 23: Vibriosis: Vibrio anguillarum, V. ordalii and Aliivibrio salmonicida, Alicia E. Toranzo, Beatriz Magariños and Ruben Avendaño-Herrera 24: Weissella ceti, Timothy J. Welch, David P. Marancik and Christopher M. Good 25: Yersinia ruckeri, Michael Ormsby and Robert Davies
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In an age where antimicrobial resistance amongst pathogens grows more prevalent, particularly in the hospital setting, antimicrobial stewardship is an evidence-based, proven measure in the battle against resistance and infection. This single comprehensive, definitive reference work is written by an international team of acknowledged experts in the field. The authors explore the effective use of coordinated antimicrobial interventions to change prescribing practice and help slow the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, ensuring that antimicrobials remain an effective treatment for infection. Amongst the first of its kind, this book provides infectious disease physicians, administrators, laboratory, pharmacy, nursing and medical staff with practical guidance in setting up antimicrobial stewardship programs in their institutions with the aim of selecting the optimal antimicrobial drug regimen, dose, duration of therapy, and route of administration. ; Antimicrobial research has hit a wall: treatment discoveries are rarer and resistant pathogen strains more prevalent. Rather than infection control itself, antimicrobial stewardship is an essential measure in ensuring management of hospital-acquired infections. Throughout this book, international experts discuss all angles of stewardship. ; Part I: Overview of Antibiotic StewardshipCh.1: Principles of Antimicrobial StewardshipCh 2: Clinical Perspective of Antimicrobial StewardshipCh 3: History of Antimicrobial StewardshipCh 4: The Importance of Education in Antimicrobial StewardshipPart II: Antibiotic Resistance Principles in Antibiotic Stewardship Ch 5: Intrinsic and Acquired Mechanisms of ResistanceCh 6: Antimicrobial Resistance: Selection vs. InductionCh 7: Colonization and its importance for emergence of clinical resistanceCh 8: Antibiotic Resistance: associations and implications for antibiotic usage strategies to control multi-resistant bacteriaPart III: Microbiology Laboratory Role in Antibiotic StewardshipCh 9: The role of active surveillance in the prevention of healthcare-acquired infections and antibiotic stewardshipCh 10: Role of Antibiogram in Antibiotic StewardshipCh 11: Selective Reporting and Antimicrobial StewardshipCh 12: Role of New Diagnostics to Enhance Antibiotic Stewardship EffortsPart IV: Infection Control Aspects of Antibiotic StewardshipCh 13: Epidemiology of S aureus and enterococci in children and an overview of antimicrobial resistanceCh 14: Epidemiology of multi-drug resistant gram-negative organismsCh 15: Pathogenesis and Epidemiology of Clostridium difficile Infection: Implications for Antibiotic StewardshipCh 16: Role of the Hospital Epidemiologist in Supporting Antimicrobial StewardshipPart V: Pharmacokinetic (PK) & Pharmacodynamic (PD) Aspects of Antibiotic Dosing in Antibiotic StewardshipCh 17: Principles of Pharmacokinetic / Pharmacodynamic Optimization for Antibiotic DosingCh 18: Optimal use of Gram-negative antibiotics in the real world: providing effective therapy while minimizing resistanceCh19: Optimal Use of FluoroquinolonesCh 20: Optimal Use of Beta-lactam AntibioticsCh 21: Current Approach to Optimal Use and Dosing of Vancomycin in Adult PatientsCh 22: Principles of IV to PO SwitchPart VI: Pharmacy Department Role in Antibiotic StewardshipCh 23: Role of Pharmacists in Antimicrobial StewardshipCh 24: Formulary Management and Economic Considerations; Bridging the Gap between Quality Care and CostCh 25: Approaches in benchmarkingCh 26: Development and execution of stewardship interventionsCh 27: Technologic support for antimicrobial stewardshipPart VII: Measuring Outcomes in Antibiotic Stewardship ProgramsCh 28: Role of Guidelines and Statistical Milestones for Antimicrobial StewardshipCh 29: Economic considerations of Antimicrobial Stewardship ProgramsCh 30: Pharmacoeconomic Implications of Antimicrobial Adverse EventsCh 31: Antimicrobial stewardship programs in areas of increased pathogen resistancePart VIII: Antimicrobial Stewardship and Various Practice SitesCh 32: Role of Antimicrobial Stewardship in PediatricsCh 33: Antimicrobial Stewardship in the Intensive Care UnitCh 34: Role of Antimicrobial Stewardship in a Community HospitalCh 35: Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy (OPAT)Ch 36: The Importance of Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Antimicrobial Stewardship: Immersion of Future Healthcare ProfessionalsCh 37: Antimicrobial Stewardship and the Importance of Working with the Government and Pharmaceutical IndustryCh 38: Hospitalist Perspective on the Role of Antimicrobial Stewardship
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Thousands of different microbial species colonize the human body, and are essential for our survival. This book presents a review of the current understanding of human microbiomes, the functions that they bring to the host, how we can model them, their role in health and disease and the methods used to explore them. Current research into areas such as the long-term effect of antibiotics makes this a subject of considerable interest. This title is essential reading for researchers and students of microbiology.
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Bacterial pili play important roles as environmental sensors, in host colonization and in biofilm formation, enabling bacteria to interact with the environment, with surfaces and with other bacteria and host cells. Most bacteria, both Gram positive and Gram negative, and almost all bacterial pathogens, are piliated. This book discusses the synthesis, structure, evolution, function and role in pathogenesis of these complex structures, and their basis for vaccine development and therapeutics for Streptococcus pathogens. It is an invaluable resource for researchers and students of medical microbiology.
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Bacterial pili play important roles as environmental sensors, in host colonization and in biofilm formation, enabling bacteria to interact with the environment, with surfaces and with other bacteria and host cells. Most bacteria, both Gram positive and Gram negative, and almost all bacterial pathogens, are piliated. This book discusses the synthesis, structure, evolution, function and role in pathogenesis of these complex structures, and their basis for vaccine development and therapeutics for Streptococcus pathogens. It is an invaluable resource for researchers and students of medical microbiology.
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Thousands of different microbial species colonize the human body, and are essential for our survival. This book presents a review of the current understanding of human microbiomes, the functions that they bring to the host, how we can model them, their role in health and disease and the methods used to explore them. Current research into areas such as the long-term effect of antibiotics makes this a subject of considerable interest. This title is essential reading for researchers and students of microbiology.
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Zoonotic diseases constitute a public health problem throughout the world. Addressing a little-studied area of veterinary and medical science, this book covers viral, bacterial, protozoan and helminth parasites transmitted between humans and dogs, discussing population management, control disease agents and human-dog relationships. Fully updated throughout, this new edition also includes chapters on benefits of the human-dog relationship and non-infectious disease issues with dogs. It is a valuable resource for researchers and students of veterinary and human medicine, microbiology, parasitology and public health.
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Nutrition is a very broad discipline, encompassing biochemistry, physiology, endocrinology, immunology, microbiology and pathology. Presenting the major principles of nutrition of both domestic and wild animals, this book takes a comparative approach, recognising that there are considerable differences in nutrient digestion, metabolism and requirements among various mammalian and avian species. Explaining species differences in food selection, food-seeking and digestive strategies and their significance to nutritional needs, chapters cover a broad range of topics including digestive physiology, metabolic disorders and specific nutrients such as carbohydrates proteins and lipids, with particular attention being paid to nutritional and metabolic idiosyncrasies. It is an essential text for students of animal and veterinary sciences.
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This major reference work contains essential information on arthropod-borne infections affecting humans and domesticated animals. The encyclopedia is a key reference source for anyone working in medical and veterinary science, and related fields. Features of The Encyclopedia of Arthropod-transmitted Infections are:150 entries, describing arboviral, viral, bacterial and rickettsial, spirochaetal, protozoal and filarial infections, and the vectors that transmit themInformation on disease distribution, clinical symptoms, diagnosis, transmission cycles, vector life-cycles, and treatment and control measures. Figures, tables and photographs illustrate the text. Following each entry is a selected bibliography, to aid further reading on the topicOver 80 different international authors, with expertise in medicine, veterinary science, parasitology, entomology, epidemiology, microbiology, and zoology have contributed to the encyclopedia.
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Drug resistance is increasing among a variety of human pathogenic microorganisms such as Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumaniii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter spp. (currently dubbed the 'ESKAPE' pathogens), and has emerged as one of the most important clinical challenges of this century. Increased general awareness and fear of these pathogens means there is a growing demand for research to tackle the threat of multidrug resistance. Documenting the latest research in the field, this book discusses current and promising activities to discover new antimicrobials in five key areas: molecular genetics and systems microbiology; synthetic, computational chemistry and chemoinformatics; High Throughput Screening (HTS); non-vertebrate model hosts; and light- and nano-based technologies.
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Since cells are the smallest of all living organisms, scientists have had to develop various methods and tools to examine and research them. In the 17th century, the microscope was invented, allowing researchers a glimpse at the cell. Today, supercomputers put cells and experiments to the test. In microbiology laboratories and cancer research centers, well-trained, dedicated scientists work to explore the science of cells, making biotechnology a continuously growing field. In How Scientists Research Cells, Third Edition, learn how the first discovery of cells led to the first cloned mammal and additional scientific advancements.
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This new edition of Lyme Disease provides up-to-date evidence-based research and covers the significant advances in our understanding of the disorders referred to as Lyme disease or Lyme borreliosis. This book explores the causative organism, its requisite ecosystem, disease epidemiology, host-Borrelia interactions, diagnostic testing, clinical manifestations, therapeutic options, the role of host immunity on pathogenesis and long term prognosis. The authors provide balanced perspectives on all aspects of Lyme disease and explicitly review both the basic biology of the infection and practical clinical aspects. This new edition: Includes new borrelial pathogens that have been identified (B. miyamotoi, B. mayonii and B. bavariensis among others). Provides updated information on the molecular biology of the organism, neuroborreliosis, and the role of the C6 peptide in diagnosis. Discusses the controversies about 'chronic Lyme disease', post Lyme disease syndrome and other ongoing but non-specific symptoms that have been attributed to this infection. As the endemic footprint of Lyme disease continues to grow, this book provides a broad and detailed guide for clinicians and researchers involved with the diagnosis and treatment of the condition. Covering biology, epidemiology and therapeutics, it is also essential reading for students of global health and infectious disease.
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This new volume provides a comprehensive coverage of cytology of all body fluids encountered in dogs and cats. It includes separate chapters for each fluid, from cavitary effusions (pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal) to synovial fluids, tracheal and bronchoalveolar lavages (TWs, BALs), cerebrospinal fluids (CSFs) and urines. The only veterinary cytology text focused on body fluids, this book is able to cover all areas in the detail they deserve. It delivers: - Extensive coverage of body fluid cytology in dogs and cats updated to the most recent literature; - A schematic approach for each lesion/condition, making the book simple to use during diagnostic work; - Numerous photomicrographs showing most cytological findings observed in body fluid cytology Also covering microbiology testing - an essential and significant aspect of fluid analysis - this book is an invaluable resource for veterinary pathologists and general practitioners.
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This book collates and reviews recent advances in the microbial metabolism of amino acids, emphasizing diversity - in terms of the range of organisms under investigation and their natural ecology - and the unique features of amino acid metabolism in bacteria, yeasts, fungi, protozoa and nematodes. As well as studying the individual amino acids, including arginine, sulfur amino acids, branched-chain amino acids and aromatic amino acids, a number of themes are explored throughout the work. These include: - Comparative issues between the metabolism of microbes and those of higher organisms, including plants and mammals - Potential for drug targets in pathways of both biosynthesis and degradation of amino acids - Relationship between amino acids or associated enzymes and virulence in parasitic pathogens - Practical implications for food microbiology and pathogen characterization - Future priorities relating to fundamental biochemistry of microrganisms, food quality and safety, human and animal health, plant pathology, drug design and ecology As the volume of research into the metabolism of amino acids grows, this comprehensive study of the subject is a vital tool for researchers in the fields of biological, medical and veterinary sciences, including microbiology, biochemistry, genetics and pathology. This book is also essential for corporate organizations with active research and development programmes, such as those in the pharmaceutical industry. ; This book collates and reviews recent advances in the microbial metabolism of amino acids, emphasizing diversity - in terms of the range of organisms under investigation and their natural ecology - and the unique features of amino acid metabolism in bacteria, yeasts, fungi, protozoa and nematodes. ; -: PrefacePART I: GLUTAMATE1: Structural and Functional Properties of Glutamate Dehydrogenases2: Glutamate Decarboxylase in Bacteria3: The Yeast GABA ShuntPART II: LYSINE, ARGININE AND HYDROXYPROLINE4: Lysine Biosynthesis in Microorganisms5: Arginine Deiminase in Microorganisms6: Arginase and Microbial Pathogenesis in the Lungs7: Arginine and Methionine as Precursors of Polyamines in Trypanosomatids8: Ornithine and Lysine Decarboxylation in Bacteria9: The Role of Nitric Oxide Signalling in Yeast Stress Response and Cell Death10: Hydroxyproline Metabolism in MicroorganismsPART III: SERINE AND THREONINE11: Cellular Responses to Serine in Yeast12: Threonine Degradation in Hyperthermophilic OrganismsPART IV: SULFUR AMINO ACIDS13: Methionine Synthesis in Microbes14: Regulation of Sulfur Amino Acid Metabolism in Fungi15: Insight on O-Acetylserine Sulfhydrylase Structure, Function and Biopharmaceutical ApplicationsPART V: BRANCHED-CHAIN AMINO ACIDS16: Metabolic Engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for L-Valine Production17: Flavour Formation From Leucine by Lactic Acid BacteriaPART VI: AROMATIC AMINO ACIDS AND HISTIDINE18: Microbial Degradation of Phenolic Amino Acids19: The Biosynthesis of Tryptophan20: Tryptophan Biosynthesis in Bacteria: Drug Targets and Immunology21: The Kynurenine Pathway of Tryptophan Metabolism in Microorganisms22: Histidine Degradation in Bacteria23: Histidine Phosphatase Superfamily in Pathogenic BacteriaPART VII: D-AMINO ACIDS24: Functions and Metabolism of D-Amino Acids in Microorganisms25: Pathways of Utilization of D-Amino Acids in Higher OrganismsPART VIII: ECOLOGY26: Rhizobial Amino Acid Metabolism: Polyamine Biosynthesis and Functions27: Working Together: Amino Acid Biosynthesis in Endosymbiont-Harbouring Trypanosomatidae28: Amino Acid Metabolism in Helminths29: Microbial Degradation of Amino Acids in Anoxic Environments30: Utilization of N-Methylated Amino Acids by Bacteria31: Biofilm Formation: Amino Acid Biomarkers in Candida albicans32: Recent Advances Underpinning Innovative Strategies for the Future
