All Things Women
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View Rights PortalWomen before the court offers an innovative, comparative approach to the study of women's legal rights during a formative period of Anglo-American history. It traces how colonists transplanted English legal institutions to America, examines the remarkable depth of women's legal knowledge and shows how the law increasingly undermined patriarchal relationships between parents and children, masters and servants, husbands and wives. The book will be of interest to scholars of Britain and colonial America, and to laypeople interested in how women in the past navigated and negotiated the structures of authority that governed them. It is packed with fascinating stories that women related to the courts in cases ranging from murder and abuse to debt and estate litigation. Ultimately, it makes a remarkable contribution to our understandings of law, power and gender in the early modern world.
This book provides a detailed analysis of women's involvement in litigation and other legal actions within their local communities in late-medieval England. It draws upon the rich records of three English towns - Nottingham, Chester and Winchester - and their courts to bring to life the experiences of hundreds of women within the systems of local justice. Through comparison of the records of three towns, and of women's roles in different types of legal action, the book reveals the complex ways in which individual women's legal status could vary according to their marital status, different types of plea and the town that they lived in. At this lowest level of medieval law, women's status was malleable, making each woman's experience of justice unique.
In 1660 Charles II was restored to the thrones of England, Scotland and Ireland, but his hold on power was precarious. In particular, Ireland was fundamentally unstable - Catholics formed the majority of the population in a country where Protestantism was the established religion, a state of affairs unique in Europe. It was through the law that the restored Stuart monarchy governed its subjects and its colonial dependencies, and this book examines how Catholics engaged with and experienced English common law primarily through the eyes of Catholic clerics and Gaelic poets. It also examines how Catholics engaged with the Courts and the particular challenges they faced as lawyers. The book draws on an extensive body of primary source materials, including Irish-language poetry and little-used archival material relating to elite Catholic families.
As the Chinese saying goes, "mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law are natural enemies". However, Bean Trellis, My Mother-in-law depicts the close bond of the author as daughter-in-law with her mother-in-law for more than three decades. Wherein lies the secret? "仁" Benevolence, "义" righteousness, "礼" courtesy, "智" wisdom, and "信" faith are constant beliefs of the Chinese people, which in the author's eyes are also the most admirable qualities of her mother-in-law, who is illiterate, yet hardworking, kind, and full of the wisdom of simple life. Her kindness and generosity is just the secret to the well-being of the whole family. Aside from describing the unique in-law relationship, this book also looks at the ups and downs of a big Chinese family from the 1970s to the 2020s. With humorous and documentary storytelling, the author wrote her life stories just like chatting with neighbors under the bean trellis. It is all-encompassing, containing traditional Chinese wisdom about getting along with the world, educating children, and even cooking, which could provide new reading experiences and inspiration for all readers.
Was there international law in the Middle Ages? Using treaties as its main source, this book examines the extent to which such a system of rules was known and followed in the period 700 to 1200. It considers how consistently international legal rules were obeyed, whether there was a reliance on justification of action and whether the system had the capacity to resolve disputed questions of fact and law. The book further sheds light on issues such as compliance, enforcement, deterrence, authority and jurisdiction, challenging traditional ideas over their role and function in the history of international law. International law in Europe, 700-1200 will appeal to students and scholars of medieval Europe, international law and its history, as well as those with a more general interest in warfare, diplomacy and international relations.
Exile, its pain and possibility, is the starting point of this book. Women's experience of exile was often different from that of men, yet it has not received the important attention it deserves. Women in exile in early modern Europe and the Americas addresses that lacuna through a wide-ranging geographical, chronological, social and cultural approach. Whether powerful, well-to-do or impoverished, exiled by force or choice, every woman faced the question of how to reconstruct her life in a new place. These essays focus on women's agency despite the pressures created by political, economic and social dislocation. Collectively, they demonstrate how these women from different countries, continents and status groups not only survived but also in many cases thrived. This analysis of early modern women's experiences not only provides a new vantage point from which to enrich the study of exile but also contributes important new scholarship to the history of women.
While espionage between states is a practice dating back centuries, the emergence of the internet revolutionised the types and scale of intelligence activities, creating drastic new challenges for the traditional legal frameworks governing them. This book argues that cyber-espionage has come to have an uneasy status in law: it is not prohibited, because spying does not result in an internationally wrongful act, but neither is it authorised or permitted, because states are free to resist foreign cyber-espionage activities. Rather than seeking further regulation, however, governments have remained purposefully silent, leaving them free to pursue cyber-espionage themselves at the same time as they adopt measures to prevent falling victim to it. Drawing on detailed analysis of state practice and examples from sovereignty, diplomacy, human rights and economic law, this book offers a comprehensive overview of the current legal status of cyber-espionage, as well as future directions for research and policy. It is an essential resource for scholars and practitioners in international law, as well as anyone interested in the future of cyber-security.
Law plays an essential part in the conservation of wildlife and ecosystems. The study of wildlife and nature conservation law is an important component of a wide range of programmes of study including wildlife conservation, environmental management and environmental law. This book is a study and revision guide for students following such programmes. It contains 600 multiple choice questions (and answers) set at three levels - foundation, intermediate and advanced - and grouped into 10 major topic areas: 1. Principles of Wildlife and Nature Conservation Law 2. History of Wildlife and Nature Conservation Law 3. Species Protection and Exploitation I - EU and International Law 4. Species Protection and Exploitation II - National Laws 5. Protected Areas and Habitats I - EU and International Laws 6. Protected Areas and Habitats II - National Laws 7. Planning, Pollution, Restoration and Conservation Funding 8. Wildlife Trade, Animal Collections and Alien Species 9. Wildlife Law Enforcement and Penalties 10. Legal Texts This book has been produced in a convenient format so that it can be used at any time, in any place. It allows the reader to learn and revise the meaning of terms used in wildlife and nature conservation law and study the role of legislation at national, European Union (EU) and international level in the protection of individual species, habitats and landscapes. It uses examples from a wide variety of taxa, habitats and protected areas selected from a range of jurisdictions from the United Kingdom, the United States and Australia to Antarctica and the High Seas. Topics include the control of hunting, the conservation of trees and forests, the protection of National Parks and wilderness areas, wildlife trade and the organisations involved in the enforcement of wildlife laws. The structure of the book allows the study of one topic area at a time, progressing through simple questions to those that are more demanding. Some of the questions require students to use their knowledge to interpret information provided in the form of photographs and legal texts.
This book provides an accessible collection of translated legal sources through which the exploits of criminals and developments in the English criminal justice system (c.1215-1485) can be studied. Drawing on the wealth of archival material and an array of contemporary literary texts, it guides readers towards an understanding of prevailing notions of law and justice and expectations of the law and legal institutions. Tensions are shown emerging between theoretical ideals of justice and the practical realities of administering the law during an era profoundly affected by periodic bouts of war, political in-fighting, social dislocation and economic disaster. Introductions and notes provide both the specific and wider legal, social and political contexts in addition to offering an overview of the existing secondary literature and historiographical trends. This collection affords a valuable insight into the character of medieval governance as well as revealing the complex nexus of interests, attitudes and relationships prevailing in society during the later Middle Ages.
Taking an interdisciplinary view and starting from plain social legal issues, this book discusses a series of important theoretical issues in China’s contemporary law and jurisprudence, such as legal circumvention and legal pluralism, legal localization, legal specialization, substitution between market and law, and jurisprudential methodology. In order to demonstrate the inseparable relationship between law and other disciplines, the author pioneered in introducing interdisciplinary thoughts to the jurisprudential study of China and integrated it into Chinese jurisprudence.
In The Path of the Law, Holmes discusses his personal philosophy on legal practice. The Common Law is a series of lectures that established Holmes's reputation as a witty and articulate writer.
The author explores answers to these questions: What kind of law can effectively respond to the actual needs to construct a fair and orderly society? With a vast expanse of rural areas different from the urban areas, what should China do to deal with its basic judicial system for the rural society? Just like Mr. Fei Xiaotong, the pioneering sociologist and anthropologist, Professor Su Li stayed in the countryside, studied the rule of law at the grassroots level and solved practical problems, thus making his contribution in law for the grassroots people. This book presents ideas that are quite new and subversive to Chinese intellectuals who are accustomed to the principles of Western jurisprudence, and has aroused heated debate in China’s jurisprudential circle since its publication.