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Cereal cropsOctober 2009Insect-resistant Maize
by Jürg Bürgi
Many farmers in sub-Saharan Africa suffer heavily from crop losses due to stem borer pests. Insecticides are often unaffordable; therefore, maize plants must be made resistant to pests. The 'Insect Resistant Maize for Africa' (IRMA) project in Kenya was aimed at developing new maize varieties both by conventional methods and by biotechnologically incorporating the ?-endotoxin produced by the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis. The author gives an impartial and chronological account of this exemplary project between 1999 and 2008, supplemented by discussions of agricultural development policy and descriptions of Kenyan smallholders and the project team. Taking critical and rational positions on the use of modern plant breeding techniques, biotechnology and development policy, this book is of interest to researchers and students, development agencies, NGOs and biotechnology companies.
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Insects (entomology)March 1999Insecticide Resistance
From Mechanisms to Management
by John A Pickett, Alan L Devonshire. Edited by Ian Denholm
This book addresses these topical issues and is based on a Discussion Meeting held at the Royal Society, London, in April 1998. Contributors include scientists from leading research groups in Europe, North America, Asia and Australia. The papers have also been published as an issue of the journal Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences, published by the Royal Society. Topics covered include molecular genetics, mechanisms, ecological genetics and management. There is also discussion of the genetically delivered toxicant derived from the insect pathogen Bacillus thuringiensis. The book is essential reading for agricultural, medical and veterinary entomologists concerned with pest management.
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Botany & plant sciencesApril 2013Natural Antioxidants and Biocides from Wild Medicinal Plants
by Edited by Carlos L Cespedes, D A Sampietro, Mahendra Rai, D S Seigler.
Plants produce secondary metabolites with herbicidal, insecticidal, fungicidal and antioxidant activities. This book provides an up-to-date treatment of antioxidant and biocidal compounds mainly from Latin American plants. New antimicrobials, insecticidals, and antioxidants are covered in three sections: a general overview and perspectives on antioxidant, medicinal and biocidal plant compounds; details of plant antioxidants isolated from a wide range of species; insecticidal, antimicrobial and other biocidal activities based on peptides, phytoecdysteroids, alkaloids, polyphenols, terpenoids and other allelochemicals.
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Infectious & contagious diseasesMay 2013Biological and Environmental Control of Disease Vectors
by Sandy Cairncross, Ulrike Fillinger, S K Ghosh, Bart Knols, Steve Lindsay, Sarah Moore, Yen Nguyen, Annabel Howard, Jo Lines. Edited by Mary Cameron, Lena Lorenz.
Covering the theory and practice of non-insecticidal control of insect vectors of human disease, this book provides an overview of methods including the use of botanical biocides and insect-derived semiochemicals, with an overall focus on integrated vector management strategies. While the mainstay of malaria control programmes relies on pesticides, there is a resurgence in the research and utilisation of non-insecticidal control measures due to concerns over rapid development and spread of insecticide resistance, and long-term environmental impacts. This book provides examples of successful applications in the field and recommendations for future use.
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Insecticide & herbicide technologyJune 2016The Handbook of Naturally Occurring Insecticidal Toxins
by Opender Koul
Naturally occurring toxins are among the most complicated and lethal in existence. Plant species, microorganisms and marine flora and fauna produce hundreds of toxic compounds for defence and to promote their chances of survival, and these can be isolated and appropriated for our own use. Many of these toxins have yet to be thoroughly described, despite being studied for years. Focusing on the natural toxins that are purely toxic to insects, this book contains over 500 chemical structures. It discusses the concepts and mechanisms involved in toxicity, bioassay procedures for evaluation, structure-activity relationships, and the potential for future commercialization of these compounds. A comprehensive review of the subject, this book forms an important source of information for researchers and students of crop protection, pest control, phytochemistry and those dealing in insect-plant interactions.
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Technology, Engineering & AgricultureSeptember 2018A History of Pesticides
by Graham A Matthews
In this fascinating book, Graham Matthews takes the reader through the history of the development and use of chemicals for control of pests, weeds, and vectors of disease. Prior to 1900 only a few chemicals had been employed as pesticides but in the early 1940s, as the Second World War raged, the insecticide DDT and the herbicide 2-4-D were developed. These changed everything. Since then, farmers have been using a growing list of insecticides, herbicides and fungicides to protect their crops. Their use has undoubtedly led to significant gains in agricultural production and reduction in disease transmission, but also to major problems: health concerns for both users of pesticides and the general public, the emergence of resistance in pest populations, and environmental problems. The book examines the development of legislation designed to control and restrict the use of pesticides, the emergence of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and the use of biological control agents as part of policy to protect the environment and encourage the sustainable use of pesticides. Finally, the use of new technologies in pest control are discussed including the use of genetic modification, targeted pesticide application and use of drones, alongside basic requirements for IPM such as crop rotations, close seasons and adoption of plant varieties with resistance to pests and diseases.
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December 2021Pest Management in Cotton
A Global Perspective
by Graham A. Matthews, Thomas A. Miller, Zeeshan Ahmed
This book presents a global overview of the background to, and the current state of, crop protection and pest management in cotton crops. Cotton is one of the most economically important crops in the world and has been grown for centuries but maintaining high yields of good quality requires sophisticated approaches to pest management. The introduction and use of pesticides over the decades significantly increased cotton yields but lead to many adverse environmental impacts. Over time, new and alternative insecticides were developed but overuse has enabled pests to develop significant resistance. The development of genetically modified cotton varieties with toxins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis enabled much improved control of lepidopteran larvae, including bollworms, but as the toxins had no effect on sucking pests, farmers had no choice but to continue using insecticides. Also, some of the new cotton varieties developed in recent times have not adapted to different climatic conditions and the quality of cotton fibre declined as a result. This book shows the need for more research to select cotton varieties with high quality fibres suitable for different cotton growing areas and to develop integrated pest management strategies to minimise the use of pesticides. It also demonstrates the need for an inter-disciplinary approach bringing together plant breeders, entomologists, plant pathologists, agronomists and agricultural engineers to achieve high yields of high quality cotton. In the future, farmers will need to adopt new technology to determine when and how pesticides are used in conjunction with cultural and biological control strategies. · Emphasises the importance of research on growing cotton in a world experiencing climate change · Demonstrates how crucial crop protection is in achieving high yields of high quality cotton · Shows how new technology will bring major changes in how cotton is grown in the future
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Technology, Engineering & AgricultureJanuary 2019The UK Pesticide Guide 2019
by Martin A Lainsbury
The UK Pesticide Guide is a unique and authoritative source of information on pesticides and adjuvants approved for use in agriculture, amenity, forestry, pest control and horticulture. This edition has 8 new active ingredient profiles plus a number of new formulations and products for a wide range of crops. It contains a variety of herbicide, fungicide and insecticide and PGR additions, bringing the guide up-to-date for 2019.
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Technology, Engineering & AgricultureJune 2017Aphids as Crop Pests
by Helmut F van Emden, Richard Harrington
Aphids are among the major global pest groups, causing serious economic damage to many food and commodity crops in most parts of the world. This revision and update of the well-received first edition published ten years ago reflects the expansion of research in genomics, endosymbionts and semiochemicals, as well as the shift from control of aphids with insecticides to a more integrated approach imposed by increasing resistance in the aphids and government restrictions on pesticides. The book remains a comprehensive and up-to-date reference work on the biology of aphids, the various methods of controlling them and the progress of integrated pest management as illustrated by ten case histories. Helmut van Emden is Emeritus Professor of Horticulture at the University of Reading, UK. He has researched on aphids for over 50 years and has wide international experience, including in the tropics. Richard Harrington retired in 2015 as Head of the Rothamsted Insect Survey, with which he worked for 36 years on aphid monitoring and forecasting. He led the EU project "EXAMINE" (Exploitation of Aphid Monitoring In Europe) which brought together colleagues involved in aphid monitoring throughout Europe and beyond. ; A comprehensive reference on the biology and management of aphids occurring in crops, this new edition reflects the expansion of genomic research, semiochemicals and endosymbionts, and the shift away from purely chemical control towards more integrated methods. ; -: Preface to the First Edition -: Preface to the Second Edition 1: Taxonomic Issues 2: Aphid Genomics and its Contribution to Understanding Aphids as Crop Pests 3: Conventional Molecular Markers and Genomics Tools 4: Life Cycles and Polyphenism 5: Growth and Development 6: Nutrition and Symbiosis 7: Aphids and Stress 8: Chemical Ecology 9: Host-Plant Selection and Feeding 10: Aphid Movement: Process and Consequences 11: Predators, Parasitoids and Pathogens 12: Population Dynamics: Cycles and Patterns 13: Aphid Population Dynamics: From Fields to Landscapes 14: Feeding Injury 15: Transmission of Plant Viruses 16: Monitoring and Forecasting 17: Decision Support Systems 18: Chemical Control 19: Insecticide Resistance 20: Biological Control 21: Cultural Control 22: Host-Plant Resistance 23: Integrated Pest Management and Introduction to IPM Case Studies 24: IPM Case Studies: Grain 25: IPM Case Studies: Sorghum 26: IPM Case Studies: Leafy Salad Crops 27: IPM Case Studies: Brassicas 28: IPM Case Studies: Cucurbits 29: IPM Case Studies: Seed Potato 30: IPM Case Studies: Cotton 31: IPM Case Studies: Berry Crops 32: IPM Case Studies: Deciduous Fruit Tree Aphids 33: IPM Case Studies: Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Trees
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Insecticide & herbicide technologyJanuary 2002Entomopathogenic Nematology
by Edited by Randy Gaugler
Nematodes that are parasites of insects are no longer a laboratory curiosity. They have begun to be accepted as environmentally benign alternatives to the use of chemical insecticides, for the control of insect pests. Nematode worms are now applied as biological control agents against insect pests of numerous horticultural and agricultural crops.This book provides a comprehensive review of entomopathogenic nematology. It begins by reviewing fundamental biology and setting a taxonomic foundation for nematodes and their bacterial symbionts. Several chapters are devoted to functional processes involved in parasitism and to nematode ecology. Later chapters describe technological advances and control methodologies.
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Insecticide & herbicide technologyJuly 1995Host Plant Resistance to Insects
by Niranjan Panda, Gurdev S Khush
The overuse and misuse of insecticides some four decades ago created major environmental problems and was followed by the development of an ‘integrated pest management’ approach to crop pests. This approach utilizes a combination of host plant resistance and cultural, biological and chemical control methods. Crop improvement programs emphasize the breeding of crop varieties with multiple resistance to pests, and resistant varieties developed in recent years represent some of the greatest achievements of modern agriculture. This book presents a broad overview of host plant resistance to insect pests. It shows how plants can defend themselves naturally and how insects have adapted to overcome these mechanisms through coevolution. It also describes screening and breeding for insect resistance.
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Insects (entomology)July 2007Aphids as Crop Pests
by Edited by Dr Helmut F van Emden, Dr Richard Harrington
Aphids represent one of the world's major insect pests, causing serious economic damage to a range of temperate and tropical crops. These range from grain crops and brassicas to potato, cotton, vegetable and fruit crops.This book provides a definitive reference volume on the biology of aphids, their pest status, and how to control them. It includes approximately 30 specially commissioned chapters from world experts, principally from Europe and North America. Topics covered range from host selection and feeding to movement and dispersal, and from insecticide resistance to chemical, cultural and biological control methods. There are also several case study chapters, on integrated pest management in specific crops.
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Insecticide & herbicide technologyMarch 1997Methods in Ecological and Agricultural Entomology
by Edited by David R Dent, M P WaltonEdited by M P Walton
Entomology as a branch of biological science has undergone rapid expansion and development in recent decades. There have been major advances in the technologies associated with pest management and the ecological studies that underpin much of this work. Greater emphasis is now placed on topics such as modelling and biochemical techniques, with new approaches to the study of insect behaviour and insecticide efficacy making inroads into traditional approaches. This book aims to integrate the new approaches and technologies with traditional and well-proven methods. It provides a critical analysis and evaluation of methods available, through reference to general principles, but emphasis is also placed on providing detailed descriptions of methods and their application. Written by leading authorities from the UK, USA and Australia, the book is aimed at advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students in entomology and pest management.
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Insecticide & herbicide technologySeptember 2001Convention on Biological Diversity and Product Commercialisation in Development Assistance Projects
A Case Study of LUBILOSA
by David R Dent, Christopher Lomer
The LUBILOSA (Lutte Biologique contre les Locustes et Sauteriaux) Programme was initiated in 1989 and has been successful in developing a bioinsecticide for the biological control of locusts and grasshoppers. The efficacy of the product named Green Muscle has been clearly demonstrated in Africa, and provides an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical insecticides. Although it predates the Convention on Biological Diversity, LUBILOSA has been conducted in accordance with the benefit sharing and related provisions of the Convention.This book provides a review of the programme in order to demonstrate how such research and product commercialisation can be accomplished in the context of a development assistance project. In particular it shows how the provisions of the Convention can be fulfilled with respect to: equitable sharing of research results and benefits; access to and transfer of technology; exchange of information; technical and scientific cooperation; participation in research; financial resources.
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Technology, Engineering & AgricultureJanuary 2020
The UK Pesticide Guide 2020
by Martin A Lainsbury
By far the biggest change to The UK Pesticide Guide in 2020 is the loss of a number of active ingredients that have been fundamental to many crop protection programmes. The final use-up of chlorothalonil formulations; propiconazole, fenpropimorph, chloridazon and diquat occurs in 2020 but there are also a few of exciting new additions. Aclonifen is a new residual herbicide for use in potatoes that already has a number of EAMUs for use in minor crops. BASF is launching its new triazole, mefentrifluconazole, which promises to restore full triazole activity, at least initially. On the insecticide front the new active ingredient from Corteva agriscience, sulfoxaflor, is now listed for use in Cucurbitae and ornamentals under full protection for control of aphids and whitefly.
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MedicineOctober 2019Communicable Diseases, 6th Edition
A Global Perspective
by Roger Webber
Completely updated and revised, and now published in its sixth edition, this best-selling text has provided an essential overview of the subject for almost 25 years. A comprehensive yet synoptic account of diseases and their modes of transmission, it covers epidemiology, control strategies, notifications and regulations, as well as an overview of the major diseases established, new and emerging. Including updates to material on human endogenous viruses, zika, monkeypox, insecticides, vaccination, health management, melioidosis and more, this new edition: Provides information concisely so it can be found at a glance. Includes numerous clear diagrams, bullet points and tables for rapid review and learning. Contains a new full colour internal design and online lecture slides to facilitate teaching. Communicable Diseases continues to provide an essential resource for all those in public health and medical science, and for healthcare workers needing a comprehensive yet concise practical text.
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Agronomy & crop productionSeptember 2010Industrial Crops and Uses
by Randy D Allen, Harbans L Bhardwaj, Benjamin Todd Campbell, Enrico Casadei, Louise Estabrook, Daniel Geller, Lou A Honary, Murray B Isman, Peter Kulakow, Lava Kumar, J E Losey, Denis Murphy, Dharmalingam Pitchy, Sadequr Rahman, Dennis T Ray, Roger Ruan, Sivendra Sahi, Dev S Shrestha, Jorge da Silva, R Siva, Kazuhiro Takamizawa, Donghai Wang, Jay-lin Jane, Ralph E. H Sims, Gillian Eggleston, Renyong Zhao, Sarita Jaiswal. Edited by Bharat P Singh.
The demand for plant-based industrial raw materials has increased as well as research into expanding the utility of plants for current and future uses. Plants are renewable, have limited or positive environmental impact and have the potential to yield a wide range of products in contrast to petroleum-based materials. Plants can be used in a variety of different industries and products including bioenergy, industrial oil and starch, fibre and dye, rubber and related compounds, insecticide and land rehabilitation. This title offers a comprehensive coverage of each of these uses. Chapters discuss the identification of plant species with desired traits, their cultivation to obtain the needed raw materials, methods utilized in producing different finished products, current and future research in crop production and processing and the present state and future prospects for the industry. Providing the first systematic review of industrial crops and their uses, this book will be an important resource for students and researchers of crop science and agricultural policy makers.
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August 2023Apicomplexa in Livestock
by Johann Schröder
The Apicomplexa is a globally prevalent group of parasitic protozoa that cause disease, from malaria in humans to livestock diseases such as coccidiosis, babesiosis (Red Water, Tick Fever) and East Coast Fever. With significant economic impacts, a number of Apicomplexa are also zoonotic, leading to grave potential public health consequences. Infection prevention efforts by immunisation or management of arthropod vector infestation have not been universally successful, and can have knock-on effects such as pollution of the environment and human food chain, and development of insecticidal or acaricidal resistance. This book highlights the similarities and differences between the various Apicomplexa infections, identifying those of greatest significance and suggesting sustainable approaches to better manage their impact on livestock productivity. The book: Reviews Australian livestock as a case study, but highlights global applications, biosecurity concerns and lessons learned; Covers Apicomplexa-caused disease across cattle, pigs, poultry and sheep; Considers human health and environmental impacts, and how sustainable management methods can better outcomes for all. Suitable for researchers and students of veterinary parasitology and related disciplines, it is a valuable resource covering this important set of parasites.
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Science & MathematicsMarch 2017Integrated Management of Insect Pests on Canola and Other Brassica Oilseed Crops
by Gadi V P Reddy, Harit K Bal, Ronald E Batallas, Tulsi Bhardwaj, James D Blande, Dhana Raj Boina, G David Buntin, Randall Brandt, Hector Cárcamo, Surendra Dara, Tim J Dumonceaux, Robert H Elliott, Maya Evenden, Yaghoub Fathipour, Kevin D Floate, John Gavloski, Kristopher L Giles, Larry Grenkow, Parwinder S Grewal, Rebecca H Hallett, Matthew P. Hill, Vincent A Hervet, Sari J. Himanen, Heikki M.T. Hokkanen, Jarmo K Holopainen, Prashant Jha, Peter Mason, Janet J Knodel, Tao Li, Sarina Macfadyen, Ingeborg Menzler-Hokkanen, Mohammad Ali Mirhosseini, Christine Noronha, Chrystel Olivier, Francisco Rubén Badenes-Pérez, S. Jesu Rajan, Tom A Royer, Muhammad Sarwar, Barbara J Sharanowski, Govinda Shrestha, Juliana Soroka, Rajagopalbabu Srinivasan, Raj Kumar Thakur, Sally Vail, Leyun Wang, R W M. Udari M Wanigasekara, Chaminda De Silva Weeraddana, Tyler J Wist, Zi-Hua Zhao
This book comprehensively reviews current pest management practices and explores novel integrated pest management strategies in Brassica oilseed crops. It is essential reading for pest management practitioners and researchers working on pest management in canola and other Brassica crops worldwide. Canola, mustard, camelina and crambe are the most important oilseed crops in the world. Canola is the second largest oilseed crop in the world providing 13% of the world's supply. Seeds of these species commonly contain 40% or more oil and produce meals with 35 to 40% protein. However, its production has declined significantly in recent years due to insect pest problems. The canola pest complexes are responsible for high insecticide applications on canola. Many growers rely on calendar-based spraying schedules for insecticide applications. The diamondback moth Plutella xylostella and flea beetles Phyllotreta spp. (P. cruciferae and P. striolata)cause serious damage to canola. In the Northern Great Plains, USA, for instance, P. xylostella is now recorded everywhere that canola is grown. Severe damage to canola plants can be caused by overwintering populations of flea beetles feeding on newly emerged seedlings. Cabbage seed pod weevil (Ceutorhynchus obstrictus), swede midge (Contarinia nasturtii), and tarnished plant bug (Lygus lineolaris) are also severe pests on canola. Minor pests include aphids (cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae and turnip aphid, Hyadaphis erysimi) and grasshopper, Melanoplus sanguinipes. This book: · is the only single compiled source of information on integrated management of canola and other Brassica oilseed pests · presents the biology and management of all the major and minor pests of Brassica oilseed crops · is an essential source of information for applied entomologists, crop protection researchers, extension agents and stakeholders ; This book reviews current pest management practices and explores new biological and chemical control methods, and integrated pest management strategies in this important crop. It is essential reading for pest management practitioners and researchers working on pest management in canola crops worldwide. ; 1: Flea Beetles (Phyllotreta spp.) and Their Management2: Diamondback Moth (Plutella xylostella) Management3: The Challenge of Swede Midge Management in Canola4: Biology and Management of Sucking Insect Pests of Canola5: Cabbage Seedpod Weevil Management6: Biology, Ecology and Management of Pollen Beetle Brassicogethes viridescens (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae)7: Noctuid (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Pests of Canola in North America8: Biology and Management of the Generalist Herbivore, the Bertha Armyworm, Mamestra Configurata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), on Canola in Western Canada9: Entomopathogenic Nematodes for Management of Insect Pests of Canola and Other Oilseed Crops10: The OKANOLA Project: Challenges in Managing Insect Pests of Canola in the Southern Plains11: Integrated Pest Management in Canola: How Far Have We Come and What Is Still Needed12: Canola Insect Pest Management in the South-eastern USA13: Integrated Management of Insect Pests of Rapeseed (Canola) in China14: Integrated Control of Insect Pests of Canola and Other Brassica Oilseed Crops in Pakistan15: Cover Crops as a Tool for Insect Pest Management on Oilseed Brassicas16: Detection and Symptomatology of Aster Yellows17: Pestiferous Insects of Mustard: Biology and Integrated Management18: Volatile Organic Compounds in Integrated Pest Management of Brassica Oilseed Crops19: Impact of Genetically Modified Herbicide-resistant Oilseed Rape on Non-target Organisms: Natural Enemies of Oilseed Rape Pests20: Insect-transmitted Viruses in Canola21: Present and Potential Impacts of Insects on Camelina and Crambe22: Integrated Pest Management and Pollination Services in Brassica Oilseed Crops23: Role of Glucosinolates in Resistance and Attraction to Insects: Applications in Trap Cropping and Pest Management in Brassica Oilseed Crops24: Arthropod Pests of Australian Canola During Crop Emergence: IPM and Future Directions25: Use of Entomopathogenic Fungi in the Insect Pest Management of Brassica Oilseed Crops
