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      • Metis Publishers

        Metis list includes both fiction and nonfiction. Some literary authors are Gerbrand Bakker, John Berger, Maurice Blanchot, Anne Carson, Rana Dasgupta, Carlos Fonseca, Georgi Gospodinov, Alasdair Gray, Ursula K. LeGuin, Norman Manea, Javier Marias, Georges Perec, Per Petterson, Andrei Platonov, J.R.R. Tolkien, and Marguerite Yourcenar.  Metis nonfiction list -in History Society Philosophy, Literary Criticism, Arts and People, Critical Science, Gender Studies series- features works of prominent authors such as Benedict Anderson, Alain Badiou, Etienne Balibar, Walter Benjamin, Wendy Brown, Susan Buck-Morss, Judith Butler, Byung Chul-Han, David Harvey, Kojin Karatani, Tim Parks, Adam Phillips, Jacques Rancière, Edward Said, Renata Salecl, Immanuel Wallerstein, Slavoj Zizek and Alenka Zupancic. World-class literary theorists including Mikhail Bakhtin, Gyorgy Lukacs and Tzvetan Todorov, philosophers such as Roland Barthes, Paul Ricoeur and Ludwig Wittgenstein and psychoanalytic masters including Didier Anzieu, Sigmund Freud, Anna Freud, Melanie Klein, Jacques Lacan and D.W. Winnicott are amongst the authors Metis has published.

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      • Trusted Partner
        May 1987

        Die pragmatische Wende

        Sprachspiegelpragmatik oder Transzendentalpragmatik? Herausgegeben von Dietrich Böhler, Tore Nordenstam und Gunnar Skirbekk. Übersetzung Matthias Kaiser

        by Gunnar Skirbekk, Dietrich Böhler, Tore Nordenstam, Mathias Kaiser

        Die Gegenwartsphilosophie war lange von einem schroffen Gegensatz zwischen analytischer Philosophie angelsächsischen Ursprungs und kontinentalen Strömungen wie Hermeneutik und Phänomenologie gekennzeichnet. In der letzten Zeit haben sich nicht zuletzt Karl-Otto Apel und Jürgen Habermas darum bemüht, die Einseitigkeit der herkömmlichen Position durch eine neue Synthese zu überwinden, die eine pragmatische Wende darstellt. Hier – wie auch in Norwegen – unternimmt man den Versuch, die philosophischen Einzelgebiete auf einer pragmatischen, kommunikations- und handlungsreflexiven Grundlage systematisch aufzubauen, u. a. in Anknüpfung an Ludwig Wittgensteins Spätphilosophie einerseits, an Transzendentalphilosophie und Kritische Theorie andererseits. Einsetzend mit einer Kritik des modernen Objektivismus, den die Carnap-Morris-Semiotik und die behavioristische Wissenschaftstheorie von Arne Næss sakrosankt zu machen schienen, hat sich in Norwegen eine fruchtbare Pragmatikdebatte entwickelt. Sie läßt die positivistische Verabsolutisierung der hypothetisch-deduktiven Methode (DN-Schema) ebenso hinter sich wie die spieltheoretische Verabsolutierung des instrumentell-strategischen Handlungstyps. Die Debatte spitzt sich in der Alternative zu: Wittgenstein-Pragmatik oder »Frankfurter Pragmatik«. Dieser Band, der dem deutschen Publikum erstmals eine Auswahl moderner norwegischer Philosophie präsentiert, ist jener Debatte gewidmet. Er enthält Beiträge norwegischer Autoren und des deutschen Mitherausgebers zur philosophischen Auseinandersetzung zwischen einer kontext- und beispielorientierten Praxeologie und den universalistischen Ansprüchen der Transzendentalpragmatik.

      • Trusted Partner
        Science & Mathematics
        December 2021

        Broom and Fraser's Domestic Animal Behaviour and Welfare

        by Donald Broom

        Completely updated and revised, and synthesizing the recent explosion in animal welfare literature, the sixth edition of this best-selling textbook continues to provide a thorough overview of behaviour and welfare of companion and farm animals, including fish. The introductory section has been completely revised, with all following chapters updated, redesigned and improved to reflect our changing understanding. This edition includes: - New and revised chapters on climate change and sustainability, ethics, and philosophy to ensure that the book provides the latest information in a changing world; - New information on human interactions with other animal species, big data, modern technologies, brain function, emotions and behaviour; - Solutions and advice for common abnormal behaviours. Written by a world-leading expert and key opinion leader in animal behaviour and welfare, this text provides a highly accessible guide to the subject. It is an essential foundation for any veterinary, animal science, animal behaviour or welfare-focused undergraduate or graduate course.

      • Trusted Partner
        Science & Mathematics
        March 2017

        The Handbook of Microbial Metabolism of Amino Acids

        by J P F D'Mello, K Abe, M I Afzal, M Akhtar, J M P Alves, R Balana Fouce, Q Bashir, R A Bender, Simon Brown, Catherine Cailliez-Grimal, R William Caldwell, Barbara Campanini, Yingying Cao, Trinad Chakraborty, D Charlier, N P Chowdhury, O O Coker, Daniela de Biase, Stephane Delaunay, Renwick C J Dobson, Mike F Dunn, D Fulton, Fabio Giovannercole, D E Holmes, A.O Hudson, Y Kera, G D Kornfeld, F Leroy, Z Liao, Rob D Locy, J S Lott, Patrick M Lucas, R Lucas, P Ludovico, J M Moran, A Mozzarelli, A J Nieuwkoop, N Osorio, John V Paietta, Prasit Palittapongarnpim, Emily J Parker, A Parthasarathy, F G Pearce, Eugenia Pennacchietti, Y Perez-Pertejo, R S Phillips, N Rashid, P J Quinn, F Rodrigues, M J Romero, B Sampaio-Marques, M A Savka, K Shibata, David C Simcock, H V Simpson, J A Smith, S Takahashi, Saleh Umair, X Wang, Matthew J Wargo, S Watanabe, Freya Wencker, W Ziebuhr, I W Dawes

        This book collates and reviews recent advances in the microbial metabolism of amino acids, emphasizing diversity - in terms of the range of organisms under investigation and their natural ecology - and the unique features of amino acid metabolism in bacteria, yeasts, fungi, protozoa and nematodes. As well as studying the individual amino acids, including arginine, sulfur amino acids, branched-chain amino acids and aromatic amino acids, a number of themes are explored throughout the work. These include: - Comparative issues between the metabolism of microbes and those of higher organisms, including plants and mammals - Potential for drug targets in pathways of both biosynthesis and degradation of amino acids - Relationship between amino acids or associated enzymes and virulence in parasitic pathogens - Practical implications for food microbiology and pathogen characterization - Future priorities relating to fundamental biochemistry of microrganisms, food quality and safety, human and animal health, plant pathology, drug design and ecology As the volume of research into the metabolism of amino acids grows, this comprehensive study of the subject is a vital tool for researchers in the fields of biological, medical and veterinary sciences, including microbiology, biochemistry, genetics and pathology. This book is also essential for corporate organizations with active research and development programmes, such as those in the pharmaceutical industry. ; This book collates and reviews recent advances in the microbial metabolism of amino acids, emphasizing diversity - in terms of the range of organisms under investigation and their natural ecology - and the unique features of amino acid metabolism in bacteria, yeasts, fungi, protozoa and nematodes. ; -: PrefacePART I: GLUTAMATE1: Structural and Functional Properties of Glutamate Dehydrogenases2: Glutamate Decarboxylase in Bacteria3: The Yeast GABA ShuntPART II: LYSINE, ARGININE AND HYDROXYPROLINE4: Lysine Biosynthesis in Microorganisms5: Arginine Deiminase in Microorganisms6: Arginase and Microbial Pathogenesis in the Lungs7: Arginine and Methionine as Precursors of Polyamines in Trypanosomatids8: Ornithine and Lysine Decarboxylation in Bacteria9: The Role of Nitric Oxide Signalling in Yeast Stress Response and Cell Death10: Hydroxyproline Metabolism in MicroorganismsPART III: SERINE AND THREONINE11: Cellular Responses to Serine in Yeast12: Threonine Degradation in Hyperthermophilic OrganismsPART IV: SULFUR AMINO ACIDS13: Methionine Synthesis in Microbes14: Regulation of Sulfur Amino Acid Metabolism in Fungi15: Insight on O-Acetylserine Sulfhydrylase Structure, Function and Biopharmaceutical ApplicationsPART V: BRANCHED-CHAIN AMINO ACIDS16: Metabolic Engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for L-Valine Production17: Flavour Formation From Leucine by Lactic Acid BacteriaPART VI: AROMATIC AMINO ACIDS AND HISTIDINE18: Microbial Degradation of Phenolic Amino Acids19: The Biosynthesis of Tryptophan20: Tryptophan Biosynthesis in Bacteria: Drug Targets and Immunology21: The Kynurenine Pathway of Tryptophan Metabolism in Microorganisms22: Histidine Degradation in Bacteria23: Histidine Phosphatase Superfamily in Pathogenic BacteriaPART VII: D-AMINO ACIDS24: Functions and Metabolism of D-Amino Acids in Microorganisms25: Pathways of Utilization of D-Amino Acids in Higher OrganismsPART VIII: ECOLOGY26: Rhizobial Amino Acid Metabolism: Polyamine Biosynthesis and Functions27: Working Together: Amino Acid Biosynthesis in Endosymbiont-Harbouring Trypanosomatidae28: Amino Acid Metabolism in Helminths29: Microbial Degradation of Amino Acids in Anoxic Environments30: Utilization of N-Methylated Amino Acids by Bacteria31: Biofilm Formation: Amino Acid Biomarkers in Candida albicans32: Recent Advances Underpinning Innovative Strategies for the Future

      • Pollution & threats to the environment
        June 2000

        Methyl Bromide Risk Characterization in California

        by Subcommittee for the Review of the Risk Assessment of Methyl Bromide, Committee on Toxicology, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, National Research Council

        Methyl bromide is gaseous pesticide used to fumigate soil, crops, commodity warehouses, and commodity-shipping facilities. Up to 17 million pounds of methyl bromide are used annually in California to treat grapes, almonds, strawberries, and other crops. Methyl bromide is also a known stratospheric ozone depleter and, as such, is scheduled to be phased out of use in the United States by 2005 under the United Nations Montreal Protocol. In California, the use of methyl bromide is regulated by the Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR), which is responsible for establishing the permit conditions that govern the application of methyl bromide for pest control. The actual permits for use are issued on a site-specific basis by the local county agricultural commissioners. Because of concern for potential adverse health effects, in 1999 DPR developed a draft risk characterization document for inhalation exposure to methyl bromide. The DPR document is intended to support new regulations regarding the agricultural use of this pesticide. The proposed regulations encompass changes to protect children in nearby schools, establish minimum buffer zones around application sites, require notification of nearby residents, and set new limits on hours that fumigation employees may work. The State of California requires that DPR arrange for an external peer review of the scientific basis for all regulations. To this end, the National Research Council (NRC) was asked to review independently the draft risk characterization document prepared by DPR for inhalation exposure to methyl bromide. The task given to NRC's subcommittee on methyl bromide states the following: The subcommittee will perform an independent scientific review of the California Environmental Protection Agency's risk assessment document on methyl bromide. The subcommittee will (1) determine whether all relevant data were considered, (2) determine the appropriateness of the critical studies, (3) consider the mode of action of methyl bromide and its implications in risk assessment, and (4) determine the appropriateness of the exposure assessment and mathematical models used. The subcommittee will also identify data gaps and make recommendations for further research relevant to setting exposure limits for methyl bromide. This report evaluates the toxicological and exposure data on methyl bromide that characterize risks at current exposure levels for field workers and nearby residents. The remainder of this report contains the subcommittee's analysis of DPR's risk characterization for methyl bromide. In Chapter 2, the critical toxicological studies and endpoints identified in the DPR document are evaluated. Chapter 3 summarizes DPR's exposure assessment, and the data quality and modeling techniques employed in its assessment are critiqued. Chapter 4 provides a review of DPR's risk assessment, including the adequacy of the toxicological database DPR used for hazard identification, an analysis of the margin-of-exposure data, and appropriateness of uncertainty factors used by DPR. Chapter 5 contains the subcommittee's conclusions about DPR's risk characterization, highlights data gaps, and makes recommendations for future research.

      • Chemistry
        July 2012

        The Use and Storage of Methyl Isocyanate (MIC) at Bayer CropScience

        by The Use of Methyl Isocyanate (MIC) at Bayer CropScience; Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology; Divison of Earth and Life Studies; National Research Council

        The use of hazardous chemicals such as methyl isocyanate can be a significant concern to the residents of communities adjacent to chemical facilities, but is often an integral part of the chemical manufacturing process. In order to ensure that chemical manufacturing takes place in a manner that is safe for workers, members of the local community, and the environment, the philosophy of inherently safer processing can be used to identify opportunities to eliminate or reduce the hazards associated with chemical processing. However, the concepts of inherently safer process analysis have not yet been adopted in all chemical manufacturing plants. The Use and Storage of Methyl Isocyanate (MIC) at Bayer CropScience presents a possible framework to help plant managers choose between alternative processing options-considering factors such as environmental impact and product yield as well as safety- to develop a chemical manufacturing system. In 2008, an explosion at the Bayer CropScience chemical production plant in Institute, West Virginia, resulted in the deaths of two employees, a fire within the production unit, and extensive damage to nearby structures. The accident drew renewed attention to the fact that the Bayer facility manufactured and stores methyl isocyanate, or MIC - a volatile, highly toxic chemical used in the production of carbamate pesticides and the agent responsible for thousands of death in Bhopal, India, in 1984. In the Institute accident, debris from the blast hit the shield surrounding a MIC storage tank, and although the container was not damaged, an investigation by the U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board found that the debris could have struck a relief valve vent pipe and cause the release of MIC to the atmosphere. The Board's investigation also highlighted a number of weaknesses in the Bayer facility's emergency response systems. In light of these concerns, the Board requested the National Research Council convene a committee of independent experts to write a report that examines the use and storage of MIC at the Bayer facility. The Use and Storage of Methyl Isocyanate (MIC) at Bayer CropScience also evaluates the analyses on alternative production methods for MIC and carbamate pesticides preformed by Bayer and the previous owners of the facility.

      • Computer networking & communications
        July 2005

        Signposts in Cyberspace

        The Domain Name System and Internet Navigation

        by Committee on Internet Navigation and the Domain Name System: Technical Alternatives and Policy Implications, National Research Council

        The Domain Name System (DNS) enables user-friendly alphanumeric namesâ€"domain namesâ€"to be assigned to Internet sites. Many of these names have gained economic, social, and political value, leading to conflicts over their ownership, especially names containing trademarked terms. Congress, in P.L. 105-305, directed the Department of Commerce to request the NRC to perform a study of these issues. When the study was initiated, steps were already underway to address the resolution of domain name conflicts, but the continued rapid expansion of the use of the Internet had raised a number of additional policy and technical issues. Furthermore, it became clear that the introduction of search engines and other tools for Internet navigation was affecting the DNS. Consequently, the study was expanded to include policy and technical issues related to the DNS in the context of Internet navigation. This report presents the NRC’s assessment of the current state and future prospects of the DNS and Internet navigation, and its conclusions and recommendations concerning key technical and policy issues.

      • January 2020

        Scenes of a Reclusive Writer & Reader of Mumbai

        Essays

        by Fiza Pathan

        "I am a recluse and I love books more than I love people." - So begins Fiza Pathan, the self-proclaimed Reclusive Writer and Reader of Mumbai. In this charming collection of personal essays, Fiza recalls important phases of her life, along with the books she was reading at the time and where she read them. Revealed along the way are Fiza's personal struggles, from the father who didn't want a girl child to the years she believed she wanted to be a nun to the college friends who shamed her for gaining weight.Her greatest victories are found here as well, among them the publication of her first story, the request to autograph her most popular book by an author she admired, the start of her own publishing company, and the acquisition of her very own office-cum-writing hut. Within her stories, you'll meet Fiza's beloved Mama, editorial partner (and uncle) Blaise, many other uncles and aunts, the librarians of her youth, and plenty of book salesman. All the people who have helped Fiza along her path to books, books, and more books. You'll also take a taxi with Narayan, Fiza's "Man Friday," to visit her favorite haunts, from libraries to kiosks to boutiques to vendors who pile their offerings on the sides of the road, and you'll learn the plots of her favorite comics, religious writings, medical thrillers, horror stories, activist writings, and so much more.Fiza believes that every one of the books she has read has helped her become the person - and the writer - she was meant to become. Scenes of a Reclusive Writer & Reader of Mumbai is her life in books!

      • Energy industries & utilities
        June 1996

        Toxicological and Performance Aspects of Oxygenated Motor Vehicle Fuels

        by Committee on Toxicological and Performance Aspects of Oxygenated Motor Vehicle Fuels, National Research Council

        This book reviews a draft report from the federal government that assesses the effects of oxygenated gasoline on public health, air quality, fuel economy, engine performance, and water quality. In addition to evaluating the scientific basis of the report, the book identifies research needed to better understand the impacts of oxygenated fuels. Methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), which is intended to reduce carbon monoxide pollution during winter, is the most commonly used additive in the federal oxygenated fuels program. MTBE has been implicated in complaints by the public of headaches, coughs, and nausea. Other questions have been raised about reduced fuel economy and engine performance and pollution of ground water due to the use of MTBE in gasoline. The book provides conclusions and recommendations about each major topic addressed in the government's report.

      • The environment
        January 2001

        Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals:

        Volume 1

        by Subcommittee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels, Committee on Toxicology, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, National Research Council

        In the Bhopal disaster of 1984, approximately 2,000 residents living near a chemical plant were killed and 20,000 more suffered irreversible damage to their eyes and lungs following the accidental release of methyl isocyanate. This tragedy served to focus international attention on the need for governments to identify hazardous substances and assist local communities in planning how to deal with emergency exposures. Since 1986, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has been tasked with identifying extremely hazardous substances and, in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency and the Department of Transportation, assist local emergency response planners. The National Advisory Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances was established in 1995 to develop acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs) for high priority toxic chemicals that could be released into the air from accidents at chemical plants, storage sites, or during transportation. This book reviews toxicity documents on five chemicals--chlorine, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, toluene, and uranium hexafluoride--for their scientific validity, comprehensives, internal consistency, and conformance to the 1993 guidelines report.

      • Agriculture & farming
        August 2022

        Methods in Plant Biotechnology

        by K.R. Koundal

        The book deals with some of the important techniques of recombinant DNA technology including ; isolation of plasmids and transformation of bacteria, isolation and characterization of nucleic acids, construction and screening of gene libraries, DNA sequencing, RFLP and RAPD gene mapping, genetic transformation and molecular analysis of the transgenic plants. The book includes protocols of some the important techniques currently in use in the field of plant biotechnology. The book also includes methods used in RFPL and RAPD analysis and a practical example of actual research problem in the field of plant genetic engineering. A glossary of important terms is also included which will be helpful to understand the subject matter. The preparation of common buffers and reagents used in the different protocols is included in the appendix.

      • Technology: general issues
        May 2000

        Integrated Design of Alternative Technologies for Bulk-Only Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities

        by Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program, Board on Army Science and Technology, National Research Council

        The U.S. Army is pilot testing chemical hydrolysis as a method for destroying the chemical agents stockpiled at Aberdeen, Maryland (HD mustard agent), and Newport, Indiana (VX nerve agent). The chemical agents at both locations, which are stored only in bulk ton containers, will be hydrolyzed (using aqueous sodium hydroxide for VX and water for HD) at slightly below the boiling temperature of the solution. The resulting hydrolysate at Aberdeen, which will contain thiodiglycol as the primary reaction product, will be treated by activated sludge biodegradation in sequencing batch reactors to oxidize organic constituents prior to discharge to an on-site federally owned wastewater treatment facility. The hydrolysate at Newport, which will contain a thiol amine and methyl phosphonic acid as the major reaction products, is not readily amenable to treatment by biodegradation. Therefore, organic constituents will be treated using supercritical water oxidation (SCWO). Integrated Design of Alternative Technologies for Bulk-Only Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities focuses on the overarching issues in the process designs integrating individual processing steps, including potential alternative configurations and process safety and reliability. This report reviews the acquisition design packages (ADPs) for the ABCDF and NECDF prepared by Stone and Webster Engineering Company for the U.S. Army.

      • Aerospace & aviation technology
        January 1996

        Spacecraft Maximum Allowable Concentrations for Selected Airborne Contaminants

        Volume 2

        by Subcommittee on Spacecraft Maximum Allowable Concentration, National Research Council

        The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has developed spacecraft maximum allowable concentrations (SMACs) for contaminants that might be found in the atmosphere within spacecraft during space missions to ensure the health and well-being of astronauts traveling and working in this unique environment. In volume 1 of this series, NASA developed SMACs for 11 compounds: acetaldehyde, ammonia, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, Freon 113, hydrogen, methane, methanol, octamethyltrisiloxane, trimethylsilanol, and vinyl chloride. Volume 2 includes SMACs for 12 more airborne contaminants: acrolein, benzene, carbon dioxide, 2-ethoxyethanol, hydrazine, indole, mercury, methylene chloride, methyl ethyl ketone, nitromethane, 2-propoanol, and toluene. In developing SMACs from the toxicological literature, NASA followed the Guidelines for Developing Spacecraft Maximum Allowable Concentrations for Space Station Contaminants published in 1992 by the National Research Council.

      • Medical genetics
        June 2015

        New Clinical Genetics 3rd edition

        by Andrew Read, Dian Donnai

        New Clinical Genetics continues to offer the most innovative case-based approach to modern genetics. It is used worldwide as a textbook for medical students, but also as an essential guide to the field for genetic counselors, physician assistants, and clinical and nurse geneticists.   In the few years since the previous edition technical progress, especially the widespread use of whole-genome technologies, has brought many advances in the understanding, diagnosis and treatment of genetic disease. As a result, most chapters have been substantially rewritten and updated to reflect this. The unique structure and format remains the same, but significant new material has been added to cover: the widespread use of next-generation sequencing as a routine diagnostic tool the checking of a patient’s whole exome for the cause of their problem noninvasive prenatal diagnosis by next-generation sequencing of free fetal DNA in the maternal circulation a new integrated treatment of epigenetics mosaicism, ‘RASopathies’ and disorders of the spliceosome are described in new Disease boxes dysmorphology in more detail

      • Pollution & threats to the environment
        August 2005

        Thirteenth Interim Report of the Subcommittee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels

        by Subcommittee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels, Committee on Toxicology, National Research Council

        Formed in 1995 by EPA, several other federal and state agencies, and several private organizations, the National Advisory Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances (referred to as the NAC) develops, reviews, and approves acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs) for up to 400 extremely hazardous substances (EHSs). AEGLs have a broad array of potential applications for federal, state, and local governments and for the private sector. They are necessary for prevention and emergency-response planning for potential releases of EHSs, either from accidents or as a result of terrorist activities. This report includes an assessment of the NAC’s draft AEGLs documents for the following 10 chemicals: 1, 4-dioxane; chloroform; carbon tetrachloride; sulfur dioxide; cis, trans 1,-2 dichloroethylene; monochloroacetic acid; carbon monoxide; fluorine; methanol; and phenol.

      • Adventure stories (Children's/YA)

        The Glass Table

        by Leigh K. Cunningham

        This mystery/thriller pits twelve young children against a formidable captor, a witch who casts them into a spell to live in the river Kai as spirits. The children are divided into two opposing groups: the wood spirits and the river spirits. The river spirits can escape the spell and return home as children but only with dire consequences for the wood spirits and for nature. The children learn that it is only through trust, camaraderie and teamwork do they have a chance to return home to their families. However, when a wood spirit named Faith suffers the consequences of Toby Witherspoon's daring escape, all bets are off, even though a greater threat emerges on the banks of the river Kai.

      • Botany & plant sciences
        September 2018

        Abiotic and Biotic Stress Management in Plants

        Volume 02: Biotic Stress

        by Bhav Kumar Sinha, Reena & Surendra Prasad

        This book deals with an array of topics in the broad area of biotic stress responses in plants focusing problems and their management by selecting some of the widely investigated themes.

      • Aerospace & aviation technology
        November 2008

        Spacecraft Maximum Allowable Concentrations for Selected Airborne Contaminants

        Volume 5

        by Committee on Spacecraft Exposure Guidelines, Committee on Toxicology, National Research Council

        NASA is aware of the potential toxicologic hazards to crew that might be associated with prolonged spacecraft missions. Despite major engineering advances in controlling the atmosphere within spacecraft, some contamination of the air appears inevitable. NASA has measured numerous airborne contaminants during space missions. As the missions increase in duration and complexity, ensuring the health and well-being of astronauts traveling and working in this unique environment becomes increasingly difficult. As part of its efforts to promote safe conditions aboard spacecraft, NASA requested the National Research Council to develop guidelines for establishing spacecraft maximum allowable concentrations (SMACs) for contaminants and to review SMACs for various spacecraft contaminants to determine whether NASA's recommended exposure limits are consistent with the guidelines recommended by the committee. This book is the fifth volume in the series Spacecraft Maximum Allowable Concentrations for Selected Airborne Contaminants, and presents SMACs for acrolein, C3 to C8 aliphatic saturated aldehydes, C2 to C9 alkanes, ammonia, benzene, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, 1,2-dichloroethane, dimethylhydrazine, ethanol, formaldehyde, limonene, methanol, methylene dichloride, n-butanol, propylene glycol, toluene, trimethylsilanol, and xylenes.

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