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Princeton University Press
Founded in 1905, Princeton University Press is a nonprofit publisher with close connections to Princeton University. The Press brings influential voices and ideas to the world stage through their academic scholarship, advancing the frontiers of scholarly knowledge and promoting the human conversation. PUP have offices in Princeton in the US, Oxford in the UK where the rights team is based, and in Beijing. We all work together to make Princeton a truly global publisher. We publish peer-reviewed books across the humanities, social sciences, and sciences.
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Promoted Content
Pest controlNovember 2012Plant Pest Risk Analysis
Concepts and Application
by Stephanie Bloem, Robert Griffin, Lottie Erikson, Alison Neeley, Kenneth Bloem, Anthony Koop. Edited by Christina Devorshak.
Pest risk analysis is an evolving and dynamic field. It informs decisions for regulatory plant protection, from domestic activities such as prioritizing pests for surveillance to making quarantine decisions regarding the importation of products. This text provides a solid foundation in pest risk analysis and its application to regulatory plant protection. Basic methods for pest risk analysis are addressed, including how they can be used to solve real life problems in the context of national and international rules, regulations, requirements, laws and agreements. Written by practicing risk analysts, the text is enhanced with examples of methods and applications, many of which are based on real analyses performed by plant protection organizations. Understanding of basic tools and methods is encouraged to enable the reader to prepare, review and develop scientifically sound and technically defensible pest risk analyses. This is an essential resource for students in agricultural sciences, and regulatory plant protection professionals wishing to learn about pest risk analysis: why we do it, how it's done, and what it requires.
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Promoted Content
Development economicsJuly 2009Prioritizing Agricultural Research for Development
Experiences and Lessons
by Aliou Diagne, John Dixon, Keith O Fuglie, Peter Gardiner, Patti Kristjanson, Ronald Mackay, Victor M Manyong, Jupiter Ndjeunga, Kamel Shideed, Stanley Wood. Edited by David A Raitzer, George Norton.
Systematic empirical analysis is needed to help guide limited public resources to those research areas that have the greatest potential to produce benefits for the poor and the environment. Focusing on priority setting practices utilised in different international agricultural research institutes, this book discusses real world experiences and innovations with priority assessment methods. Chapters present approaches that have been used to articulate, explore and assess impact pathways and research priorities, while also considering their strengths and weaknesses and drawing together methodological lessons.
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Trusted Partner
Geography & the EnvironmentJuly 2018Invasive Species and Human Health
by Giuseppe Mazza, Elena Tricarico, Pedro M. Anastácio, Leonardo Ancillotto, Sylvie Augustin, Daniela Boccolini, Giuseppe Brundu, Dario Capizzi, Lucilla Carnevali, Marco Di Luca, Franz Essl, Bella Galil, Piero Genovesi, Giulio Grandi, Lorenzo Lazzaro, Antonella Lugliè, Angeliki F. Martinou, Jolyon M. Medlock, Mattia Menchetti, Andrea Monaco, Emiliano Mori, Wolfgang Nentwig, Nikola Pantchev, Bachisio Mario Padedda, Olivier S.G. Pauwels, Cristina Preda, Petr Pyšek, Wolfgang Rabitsch, Julian Reynolds, Roberto Romi, Alain Roques, Helen E. Roy, Marie-Anne Auger-Rozenberg, Riccardo Scalera, Francis Schaffner, Stefan Schindler, Francesco Severini, Sauro Simoni, Catherine Souty-Grosset, Paolo Sposimo, Diederik Strubbe, Luciano Toma
Invasive alien plants and animals are known for their disruption of ecosystems and threat to biodiversity. This book highlights their major impact on human health. This includes not only direct effects through contact with the species via bites, wounds and disease, but also indirect effects caused by changes induced in ecosystems by invasive species, such as more water hyacinth increasing mosquito levels and thereby the potential for malaria. Covering a wide range of case studies from different taxa (animals and plants), and giving an overview of the diverse impacts of invasive species on health in developed and developing countries, the book is a significant contribution that will help in prioritizing approaches to controlling invasive species and mitigating their health effects. It covers invasive plants, marine species, spiders and other arachnids, ticks and dust mites, insects, mosquitos and other diptera, freshwater species (invertebrates and fishes), amphibians and reptiles, birds and mammals. Key Features Collects together the major health impacts for the first time Covers animal and plant invasive species Examines issues in developed and developing countries The broad spectrum of the analyzed case studies will ensure the appeal of the book to a wide public, including researchers of biological invasions, doctors, policy-makers and managers, and students of invasive species in ecology, animal and plant biology and public health medicine.
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Trusted Partner
December 2023Animal Assisted Interventions
Recognizing and mitigating potential welfare challenges
by Lori Kogan
This is a practical book exploring how to conduct animal assisted intervention (AAI) in ways that protect and prioritize animal and human welfare. This resource is for social scientists (e.g., psychology, social work, human development and family studies, etc.), as well as ethologists and animal behaviour and welfare students and practitioners. The book is a series of short chapters that depict a wide array of AAIs and their potential welfare concerns. The chapters include descriptions of the AAI offered, the welfare challenges, and ways to successfully mitigate these challenges. This book also covers critical topics including therapy animals' aging, retirement, and death as well as ethical issues including animal consent. Species include not only dogs, but horses, rabbits, and other small animals (e.g., guinea pigs, mice, etc.). Types of AAI involve individual interventions as well as crisis dogs (those who help after natural and man-made disasters), and residential animals. The book is designed to be a practical, engaging book with links to video and examples of real-life situations. It is evidence-based, yet user-friendly and directly applicable to students and practitioners. This highly practical and engaging book with examples of real life situations, videos and case studies, explores how to conduct animal assisted interventions in ways that protect and prioritize animal and human welfare. The book: · Explores how to conduct animal assisted intervention (AAI) in ways that protect and prioritize animal and human welfare. · Discusses potential welfare challenges including how to advocate for the animal, animal consent, and the animal's aging, retirement, or death. · Evidence based approach to mitigating welfare concerns for a wide range of therapy animals including dogs, horses, rabbits, rodents, and exotic animals - and their recipients. An invaluable resource for ethologists and animal behaviour and welfare students and practitioners, as well as social scientists (e.g., psychology, social work, human development and family studies).
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Trusted Partner
EconomicsJune 1998Maize Technology Development and Transfer
A GIS Application for Research in Planning in Kenya
by Edited by R M Hassan
Scientists at the Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI) have developed powerful new tools to improve the effectiveness of their maize research, enabling the rapid development and successful transfer of maize technology in Kenya. The Kenya Maize Data Base Project (MDBP) was established in 1992 with the help of the Rockefeller Foundation, the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) and the US Agency for International Development. This has allowed scientists to use advanced technology to prioritize and evaluate maize research options more effectively, by taking into account such variables as climatic effects and the socioeconomic conditions of farmers. This book describes in detail the development and application of the MDBP, which uses spatial analysis to integrate data from Geographical Information Systems (GIS) with the results of biological experiments, socioeconomic statistics (including interviews with farmers) and agroclimatic information. This provides a powerful planning tool for targeting new technology to the needs of farmers. The book contains sections on survey methods, ex ante research evaluation and priority setting, and patterns of maize technology diffusion and the impact of research. It concludes with a synthesis of the MDBP results and assessment of future choices. This book is essential reading for maize agronomists, crop modellers, agricultural and development economists, extension workers and planners.
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Trusted Partner
Business, Economics & LawJuly 2018Degrowth in Tourism
Conceptual, Theoretical and Philosophical Issues
by Konstantinos Andriotis
The modern-day world faces a hostile climate, depleted resources and the destruction of habitats. The dream that growth will lead to a materialistic utopia is left unfulfilled by a lack of ecological and economic capacity. The only choice is to find alternatives to increased growth, transform the structures and institutions currently shaping the world, change lifestyles and articulate a more credible vision for the future and lasting prosperity. As a reaction to the problems accrued by capitalism, new development approaches such as the concept of degrowth have evolved. Degrowth in Tourism explores newly-emerging development and philosophical approachesthat provide more equity for host communities and offer a low-carbon future by looking at alternatives to the classic models of development and applying the concept of degrowth in a tourism context. Proposing that we need to shift tourism research from models which prioritize commodified tourism experiences to those that offer alternative decommodified ones, this book: - Provides topical analysis and illustrates the key themes of degrowth; - Discusses the relationship between tourism and degrowth from both a historic perspective and through contemporary patterns of activity; - Includes international examples and case studies to translate theory into practical new approaches. A comprehensive review of the subject, this book will be of great interest to researchers and practitioners within tourism, development, environment and economics, as well as those specifically studying degrowth.
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Health & Personal DevelopmentJerks!
And how to spot them
by Tere Díaz Sendra
Are you tired of asking your partner and explaining what you need, and receive noresponse? Are you frustrated by feeling that your needs are not considered? Do you fearthat your relationship will limit your personal growth? Do you feel that there is love, butalso that his love catches you and wears you down? Many people, particularly women, seek therapy for symptoms like depression and anxiety, but without clear awareness of what causes them. Many blame themselves for not being “good enough, ” and not understanding to their partners.The common denominator of their mental health challenge is the minimization and invisibility caused by the oppression in in their exchanges with their partner, as opposed to receiving encouragement and support for their personal and professional development. This oppression will lead to diminishment and limiting their decisions through silences,gestures, humiliations or even physical violence, while they protect themselves byassuming a role that is lower than that of his/her partner. Jerks are not always easy to identify; they tend to confuse their partners with effusivedisplays of love that cover up their high doses of control and abuse. We talk about thejerks, those men who make people fall in love with sweet words, flowers and attention and who, little by little, display their crude, aggressive and even dangerous ways of “loving”. They destroy self-esteem and make their prey feel guilty for their behaviors. This book is a guide that speaks to the person trapped in a pitiful relationship. To reflect on your daily life and identify the characteristics of an abusive relationship, leading her by the hand to recognize the beliefs that trap her, to distinguish the patterns that she repeats, and to put into practice techniques that will allow her to get out of the abuse,recover, and bloom again.
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Trusted Partner
March 2024The Mindset Challenge
For mastery of life and living
by Kate Munari
What kind of mindset do you really need to succeed as a Helicopter Pilot in Afghanistan? Kate Munari really wanted to fly helicopters, and she really wanted to go into a combat zone. What it took to get her there, how she coped with everything from enrolment, to pilot training courses, preparation for deployment to one of the most dangerous places in the world, for anyone to be in 2008. Three successful tours of Afghanistan was the highlight of a 17 year career as a helicopter pilot for Kate, and she shares her stories to inspire anyone wanting to know more about the mindsets she employed during that time, and for her life in general. It’s a riviting tale of determination, courage, and ambition. Her personal stories include insights into: 12 hours per day transporting troop in Helmand Province while being shot at. Advanced training and formation flying that will leave you breathless. Flying under extreme pressure in various parts of the world. Enounters with Royalty, Tribal Chief's, and Interrogators. This book is perfectly targeted at Leaders who are either in business or running teams of any size in any industry, based on Kate's development and insights as a military person. It is also ideally targeted at young women - 15-30 years of age who want to be inspired to either join up, punch well above their weight in any career path, and navigate a journey into what's truly possible for women any where in the world, in any industry based on a resilience and capability focused mindset. As a full time presenter, Kate speaks to audiences throughout Australia and New Zealand about her perspectives on leadership borne out of her experiences both in the Navy and as a civilian. Her book is due for release in 2024.
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Health & Personal DevelopmentSeptember 2021Loving, Lying, and Healing
Heal an infidelity and renew your love pacts so as not to suffer
by Tere Díaz Sendra
Is fidelity an agreement with an expiration date?Does infidelity always involve heartbreak and conflict?After we discovered an infidelity, is it possible to repair and restore trust?Living a committed and loving relationship is a deeply human longing. The issue ofinfidelity (a frequent love conflict) must be addressed by integrating thecontradictions and ambivalences of human nature, particularly on the topic oflove. Infidelity is a very complex phenomenon that is characterized by theexistence of a “villain” and a “victim”. Many times it is explained in a moralistic wayand that prevents exploring the motivations that drive it, the beliefs that supportit and the procedures that complicate it. Love requires commitment andcertainties, while erotic desire opens different paths within the same territory oflove. The correct management of these two forces is key to understanding andovercoming infidelity.
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Trusted Partner
July 2021An Introduction to Economics
Concepts for Students of Agriculture and the Rural Sector
by Berkeley Hill
Updated and revised, this fifth edition incorporates recent developments in the environment in which agriculture operates. Issues that have gained prominence since the previous edition (2014) include climate change and agriculture's mitigating role, concern with animal welfare, the social contributions that agriculture makes, risks associated with globalization, and rising concern over sustainability. Important for UK and EU readers are the adjustments needed now that the UK is no longer a member of the European Union and the nature of the national policies developed to replace the EU's Common Agricultural Policy. Containing all the major economic principles with agriculture-specific examples, An Introduction to Economics, 5th Edition provides a rounded and up-to-date introduction to the subject. The inclusion of updated chapter-focused exercises, essay questions and suggestions for further reading make this textbook an invaluable learning tool. This book: Is updated to include new developments, such as Brexit, importance of climate change and animal welfare. Includes exercises and essay questions. Suggests further reading to supplement the text. This book is recommended for students of agriculture, economics and related sectors.
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Trusted Partner
MedicineSeptember 2020Small Animal Veterinary Psychiatry
by Sagi Denenberg, Ali Thompson
Problem behaviours are often the result of how an animal thinks and feels, genetics, and environmental influences. Steering away from just description diagnoses and focusing instead on emotional and cognitive causes, this book provides a practical approach to diagnosing, treating, and managing behaviour pathologies in dogs and cats. Beginning by addressing cases in the first opinion practice, this book then considers physical disorders that may lead to or exacerbate abnormal behavior. From there, the focus shifts to mental and emotional health, from an assessment of normal behavior and giving juveniles an optimal start in life, to diagnosing mental and emotional disorders, addressing emotions such as anxiety and frustration, and how to manage these issues - by modifying behavior, managing the animal's environment, training, and, when necessary, the use of medications. The second half of the book then addresses owner concerns, including management problems, aggression, affective disorder, elimination disorder, abnormal and repetitive behaviours and ageing-related problems. With an emphasis on helping first line veterinarians identify common presentations and offer help to owners, this book: - Addresses both normal and abnormal behaviour in cats and dogs from an emotion and cognition perspective; - Provides behaviour modification protocols, and drug doses and indications; - Includes handouts to be used both within the practice and with clients to help the veterinary surgeon manage the case. Written by international experts, the book translates their insights and experience into approaches taken in behavioural medicine. Also including the most up-to-date drugs, it is an important resource for both small animal veterinarians and students of veterinary medicine or animal behaviour.
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Trusted Partner
Biology, life sciencesMay 2021Ten Steps to Building a Successful Veterinary Practice
by Wendy Sneddon
This book is a down to earth, practical guide which provides ten simple steps for success for anyone responsible for recruiting a winning veterinary practice team: whether they are recruiting employees and building their team, or changing culture and creating a supportive environment where employees are engaged and motivated. It is ideal for small business owners who can't afford to employ any human resource support.Intensely practical, it delivers key facts for veterinary staff starting out in business. The book:· Details how you can attract, recruit and retain the right people for a winning team· Guides you on creating a well organised, supportive practice in which employees can flourish· Provides you with a basic introduction to building a strategy and improving your marketing campaigns· Covers the basics of sound financial planning and how to win clients and increase your revenues· Looks at how to manage common pitfallsWith a wealth of practical templates and forms to use, this book adopts a straight-talking approach which will be welcomed by anyone starting their own veterinary practice. Table of contents 1: Step 1: WHY? 2: Step 2: Your First Time? 3: Step 3: Vision, Mission, Values and Culture 4: Step 4: How to Define What and Who You Need 5: Step 5: Recruitment and Induction 6: Step 6: Performance Management and Employee Engagement 7: Step 7: Employee Health and Wellbeing 8: Step 8: How to Build a Loyal Client Database and Marketing Your Practice 9: Step 9: Financial Management 10: Step 10: Three Key Strategies to Increase Your Revenue by 25%
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Trusted Partner
Business, Economics & LawFebruary 2018Sustainable Bamboo Development
by Zhu Zhaohua, Jin Wei
This book presents over 40 cases of bamboo development across 22 major bamboo-industry countries and explores the knowledge gained from their successes and failures. It synthesises experiences and exchanges with country experts from international training courses and consultations, study tours, and seminars. Each case includes observations and summaries of discussions related to the development of bamboo-based industries in a healthy, sustainable way, and the facilitation of strategic and balanced development of bamboo in different global regions. Industrial and artisanal bamboo growing and processing is expanding worldwide and this book brings together key experiences to help inform future developments. This book provides an analysis of bamboo plant features, including strong renewability, fast-growing, and high biomass production. It also reviews important ecological functions of bamboos, such as water and soil conservation, carbon sink and storage, and adaptation to climate change, as well as addressing the diversified culture of bamboo and key issues affecting the sector. Sustainable Bamboo Development: - Is authored by an internationally recognised leading expert in the growth and use of bamboo - Takes a holistic view, covering technical, socio-economic, policy, cultural and business development - Provides practical knowledge to guide the development of bamboo sectors - Gives a clear idea and rich examples of what has been attempted in many countries - Acts as a roadmap for using bamboo as a poverty reduction and environmental security tool Highly illustrated and in full colour throughout, this book is an essential resource for all those interested in bamboo, from private sector investors to governmental and development agencies, academic researchers and students.
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Business, Economics & LawPut More Time on Your Side
How to Manage Your Life in a Digital World
by Jan Yager
A practical guide to getting more done in a world that is more 24/7 than ever before including dealing with common time wasters like procrastination and getting too easily distracted as well as implementing the author's unique P.I.E.- Prioritize, Initiate, Evaluate –and ACTION! Strategy to getting more done every single day. The author shows readers how to use technology while avoiding fragmentation. Dr. Yager, a sociologist and business consultant, is the author of seven books on time management.
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MedicineOctober 2009Initial National Priorities for Comparative Effectiveness Research
by Committee on Comparative Effectiveness Research Prioritization, Institute of Medicine
Clinical research presents health care providers with information on the natural history and clinical presentations of disease as well as diagnostic and treatment options. In today's healthcare system, patients, physicians, clinicians and family caregivers often lack the sufficient scientific data and evidence they need to determine the best course of treatment for the patients' medical conditions. Initial National Priorities for Comparative Effectiveness Research(CER) is designed to fill this knowledge gap by assisting patients and healthcare providers across diverse settings in making more informed decisions. In this 2009 report, the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Comparative Effectiveness Research Prioritization establishes a working definition of CER, develops a priority list of research topics, and identifies the necessary requirements to support a robust and sustainable CER enterprise. As part of the 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, Congress appropriated $1.1 billion in federal support of CER, reflecting legislators' belief that better decisions about the use of health care could improve the public's health and reduce the cost of care. The Committee on Comparative Effectiveness Research Prioritization was successful in preparing a list 100 top priority CER topics and 10 recommendations for best practices in the field.
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PharmacologySeptember 2012Ranking Vaccines
A Prioritization Framework: Phase I: Demonstration of Concept and a Software Blueprint
by Guruprasad Madhavan, Kinpritma Sangha, Charles Phelps, Dennis Fryback, Tracy Lieu, Rose Marie Martinez, and Lonnie King, Editors; Committee on Identifying and Prioritizing New Preventive Vaccines for Development; Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice; Board on Global Health; Institute of Medicine
As a number of diseases emerge or reemerge thus stimulating new vaccine development opportunities to help prevent those diseases, it can be especially difficult for decision makers to know where to invest their limited resources. Therefore, it is increasingly important for decision makers to have the tools that can assist and inform their vaccine prioritization efforts. In this first phase report, the IOM offers a framework and proof of concept to account for various factors influencing vaccine prioritization-demographic, economic, health, scientific, business, programmatic, social, policy factors and public concerns. Ranking Vaccines: A Prioritization Framework describes a decision-support model and the blueprint of a software-called Strategic Multi-Attribute Ranking Tool for Vaccines or SMART Vaccines. SMART Vaccines should be of help to decision makers. SMART Vaccines Beta is not available for public use, but SMART Vaccines 1.0 is expected to be released at the end of the second phase of this study, when it will be fully operational and capable of guiding discussions about prioritizing the development and introduction of new vaccines.
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Humanities & Social SciencesMarch 2016Prioritizing Security Sector Reform
A new U.S. Approach
by Querine Hanlon, Richard H. Shultz, JR.
Prioritizing Security Sector Reform: A New U.S. Approach argues that security sector reform (SSR) should be at the core of a new U.S. policy to strengthen the security sector capacity of countries where U.S. interests are at stake. As the United States withdraws from a more interventionist policy, it cannot wholly ignore the growing disorder in fragile environments around the globe. In place of large, boots-on-the-ground interventions relying on expensive train and equip programs with only fleeting impact, the United States needs a smarter tool that can address both the effectiveness and accountability of host nation security forces and institutions. Properly designed and implemented, SSR can be that tool.Today’s fragile environments feature a host of postconflict and postauthoritarian states and transitioning and new democracies that have at least one critical thing in common: Their security sectors are dysfunctional. Why these states cannot fulfill their most basic function—the protection of the population and their government—varies widely, but the underlying reason is the same. The security sector does not function because security sector institutions and forces are absent, ineffective, predatory, or illegitimate. Washington needs a new approach for engaging in fragile environments and a policy for prioritizing where it engages and for what purpose. Improving these governments’ ability to deliver security appropriately, effectively, and in accordance with the rule of law could well shift the battle in their favor, with lasting implications for the fragile state, the broader region, and for the United States. The focus of this book is how the United States should design and implement a security sector reform policy.In the earlier chapters of the volume, the principles underlying security sector reform are examined. Three case studies—Libya, Tunisia, and Mexico—highlight the types of environments in which the United States will likely need an SSR approach and the capabilities required for each. The volume then analyzes the UK and Canadian security sector reform policy experiences, drawing lessons and recommendations for the United States. Next, existing U.S. policy and capabilities for security sector reform are explored. Finally, the volume maps out a new U.S. approach and policy for security sector reform—including a proposed security sector reform Presidential Policy Directive.
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Crime & criminologyNovember 2014Implementing Juvenile Justice Reform
The Federal Role
by Committee on a Prioritized Plan to Implement a Developmental Approach in Juvenile Justice Reform; Committee on Law and Justice; Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education; National Research Council
In the past decade, a number of state, local, and tribal jurisdictions have begun to take significant steps to overhaul their juvenile justice systems - for example, reducing the use of juvenile detention and out-of-home placement, bringing greater attention to racial and ethnic disparities, looking for ways to engage affected families in the process, and raising the age at which juvenile court jurisdiction ends. These changes are the result of heightening awareness of the ineffectiveness of punitive practices and accumulating knowledge about adolescent development. Momentum for reform is growing. However, many more state, local, and tribal jurisdictions need assistance, and practitioners in the juvenile justice field are looking for guidance from the federal government, particularly from the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) in the Department of Justice. Implementing Juvenile Justice Reform identifies and prioritizes strategies and policies to effectively facilitate reform of the juvenile justice system and develop an implementation plan for OJJDP. Based on the 2013 report Reforming Juvenile Justice, this report is designed to provide specific guidance to OJJDP regarding the steps that it should take, both internally and externally, to facilitate juvenile justice reform grounded in knowledge about adolescent development. The report identifies seven hallmarks of a developmental approach to juvenile justice to guide system reform: accountability without criminalization, alternatives to justice system involvement, individualized response based on needs and risks, confinement only when necessary for public safety, genuine commitment to fairness, sensitivity to disparate treatment, and family engagement. Implementing Juvenile Justice Reform outlines how these hallmarks should be incorporated into policies and practices within OJJDP, as well as in actions extended to state, local, and tribal jurisdictions to achieve the goals of the juvenile justice system through a developmentally informed approach. This report sets forth a detailed and prioritized strategic plan for the federal government to support and facilitate developmentally oriented juvenile justice reform. The pivotal component of the plan is to strengthen the role, capacity, and commitment of OJJDP, the lead federal agency in the field. By carrying out the recommendations of Implementing Juvenile Justice Reform, the federal government will both reaffirm and advance the promise of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act.
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MedicineMarch 2015
Ranking Vaccines
Applications of a Prioritization Software Tool: Phase III: Use Case Studies and Data Framework
by Guruprasad Madhavan, Charles Phelps, Rino Rappuoli, Rose Marie Martinez, and Lonnie King, Editors; Committee on Identifying and Prioritizing New Preventive Vaccines for Development, Phase III; Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice; Board on Global Health; Institute of Medicine; National Research Council
SMART Vaccines - Strategic Multi-Attribute Ranking Tool for Vaccines - is a prioritization software tool developed by the Institute of Medicine that utilizes decision science and modeling to help inform choices among candidates for new vaccine development. A blueprint for this computer-based guide was presented in the 2012 report Ranking Vaccines: A Prioritization Framework: Phase I. The 2013 Phase II report refined a beta version of the model developed in the Phase I report. Ranking Vaccines: Applications of a Prioritization Software Tool: Phase III: Use Case Studies and Data Framework extends this project by demonstrating the practical applications of SMART Vaccines through use case scenarios in partnership with the Public Health Agency of Canada, New York State Department of Health, and the Serum Institute of India. This report also explores a novel application of SMART Vaccines in determining new vaccine product profiles, and offers practical strategies for data synthesis and estimation to encourage the broader use of the software.
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Public health & preventive medicineOctober 2013
Ranking Vaccines
A Prioritization Software Tool: Phase II: Prototype of a Decision-Support System
by Guruprasad Madhavan, Kinpritma Sangha, Charles Phelps, Dennis Fryback, Rino Rappuoli, Rose Marie Martinez, and Lonnie King, Editors; Committee on Identifying and Prioritizing New Preventive Vaccines for Development, Phase II; Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice; Board on Global Health; Institute of Medicine
SMART Vaccines--Strategic Multi-Attribute Ranking Tool for Vaccines--is a prioritization software tool developed by the Institute of Medicine that utilizes decision science and modeling to help inform choices among candidates for new vaccine development. A blueprint for this computer-based guide was presented in the 2012 report Ranking Vaccines: A Prioritization Framework: Phase I. Ranking Vaccines: A Prioritization Software Tool,Phase II extends the proof-of-concept presented in the Phase I report, which was based on multi-attribute utility theory. This report refines a beta version of the model developed in the Phase I report and presents its next iteration, SMART Vaccines 1.0. Ranking Vaccines: Phase II discusses the methods underlying the development, validation, and evaluation of SMART Vaccines 1.0. It also discusses how SMART Vaccines should--and, just as importantly, should not--be used. The report also offers ideas for future enhancements for SMART Vaccines as well as for ideas for expanded uses and considerations and possibilities for the future.
