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      • Trusted Partner
        May 2025

        Livestock Immunity to Ticks

        by Johann Schröder

        As arthropod ectoparasites, ticks threaten the wellbeing of the animals whose habitat they share. They cause skin damage from their bite wounds, secrete toxins, transmit pathogens, and can also induce allergic reactions and infected wounds. For more than a century, domestic animals have undergone chemical tick treatment as part of their husbandry routine. However, this reliance on chemicals is non-sustainable, and ignores the existence of other possible avenues of tick management. Covering recent developments in the field, this book considers avenues such as: - Managing infestations through both natural tick control and human intervention - Innate tick resistance - Naturally acquired adaptive immunity - Technological developments and successes such as vaccination schemes The book also takes into consideration the barriers any one of these solutions may face on the road to commercialization. Livestock Immunity to Ticks provides a comprehensive and up-to-date resource for researchers and students of immunology, parasitology and entomology.

      • A New Generation of Vaccine(second edition)

        by Yang Xiaoming,GaoFu,Yu Yongxin, Wei Yuquan, Xiong Sidong,Wang Junzhi, Li Zhongming,Xu Deqi, Huang Shihe

        Based on the first edition, a large number of revisions and expansions have been made in A New Generation of Vaccine (second edition), from the basis of etiology and epidemiology, to the exploration of pathogenesis and immunological response, to vaccine development technology and product application, all have been made a comprehensive description. While reflecting practicality, it reflects the intersection of modern vaccinology and many other disciplines, involving modern molecular biology, molecular microbiology, molecular immunology, cytology, genetics, bioengineering and bioinformatics etc. This book is divided into two parts. The first part (Chapters 1- 15) mainly describes the common content of the modern development of vaccines, including vaccine development and delivery technology, vaccine clinical trials and safety evaluation; the second part (Chapters 16-61) describes the development of various vaccines, including the development of new vaccines developed through major technological innovations using traditional vaccines and vaccines for emerging pathogens. These contents are derived from the research technology, rachievements and products of the academic leaders and front-line staff of vaccine development and production institutions at home and abroad, and represent the advanced level in the field of vaccinology in China and the world.

      • Warfare & defence
        July 2006

        Battling Malaria

        Strengthening the U.S. Military Malaria Vaccine Program

        by Committee on U.S. Military Malaria Vaccine Research - A Program Review, Patricia M. Graves, Myron M. Levine, Editors

        Malaria is an infectious disease common to several parts of the world, including Africa, northern South America, and Asia. During their service in the military, U.S. active members may be sent to any part of the world, including parts of the world where Malaria is an issue. In Liberia in 2003, for example, there was a 28 percent attack rate in Marines who spent a short time ashore, and half of the 80 Marines affected needed to be evacuated to Germany. This was not only costly to the U.S. military but dangerous as well. To fight against this disease, there exists a Malaria Vaccine program in the U.S. military. However, there exists a variety of potential vaccine targets for the most severe and important form of malaria; malaria from the species Plasmodium falciparum. Issues also arise with the fact that there are three possible stages to create vaccines against-preerythrocytic, blood, or transmission. The Department of Defense (DoD), through the commanding general of the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (USAMRMC), requested that the Institute of Medicine (IOM) conduct a programmatic review of the military Plasmodium falciparum malaria vaccine research and development program. There was to be a focus on vaccine against the preerythrocytic and blood stages. The IOM formed a committee of 11 experts with collective expertise in malaria vaccine research, parasite immunology, malarial biology, clinical trials and regulatory affairs, industrial and public-sector vaccine development, biologic products research and development (vaccinology), military research and development programs, tropical medicine, and public health. The committee focused different tasks including determining whether the DoD malaria vaccine research and development program is scientifically sound and able to achieve the vaccine program objectives within specified timelines, recommending how to overcome significant, identified barriers, and identifying major strategic goals and timelines based on the material received and presentations made by the DoD's program representatives. Battling Malaria: Strengthening the U.S. Military Malaria Vaccine Program presents the committee's findings, current malaria vaccines, and recommendations for the development of the U.S. Military vaccine research.

      • Medical profession
        February 2006

        Ensuring an Infectious Disease Workforce

        Education and Training Needs for the 21st Century - Workshop Summary

        by Stacey L. Knobler, Thomas Burroughs, Adel Mahmoud, Stanley M. Lemon, Editors, Forum on Microbial Threats

        The Forum on Microbial Threats (previously named the Forum on Emerging Infections) was created in 1996 in response to a request from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The goal of the Forum is to provide structured opportunities for representatives from academia, industry, professional and interest groups, and government to examine and discuss scientific and policy issues that are of shared interest and that are specifically related to research and prevention, detection, and management of emerging infectious diseases. In accomplishing this task, the Forum provides the opportunity to foster the exchange of information and ideas, identify areas in need of greater attention, clarify policy issues by enhancing knowledge and identifying points of agreement, and inform decision makers about science and policy issues. The Forum seeks to illuminate issues rather than resolve them directly; hence, it does not provide advice or recommendations on any specific policy initiative pending before any agency or organization. Its strengths are the diversity of its membership and the contributions of individual members expressed throughout the activities of the Forum. Recent increased attention to both United States and international public health systems as well as the medical research and treatment infrastructure has revealed significant deficiencies in their capacity to respond to infectious diseases. Medical and public health professionals may be poorly equipped to detect, diagnose, and treat common infectious diseases as well as those diseases that pose an unexpected threat. The need for the development of domestic and international training programs in the expanding field of emerging and reemerging infectious diseases is well recognized. Well-trained infectious disease professionals form the basis of a strong national healthcare system. The Forum on Emerging Infections (now renamed the Forum on Microbial Threats) convened a 2-day workshop discussion-the subject of this summary-to examine the education and training needs to ensure an adequate infectious diseases workforce. The workshop reviewed trends in research training programs and discussed the requirements for establishing successful educational initiatives and training programs to ensure a competent and prepared workforce for current and future challenges in infectious diseases. Some key disciplines explored as case-study examinations included infectious disease epidemiology, vaccinology, vector biology, and public health laboratorians.

      • July 2023

        The Origins of the International Vaccine Institute

        by Seung-il Shin

        The Short History of the Founding of the International Vaccine Institute According to the 25th Year Impact Report issued by IVI, the list of its accomplishments over the past quarter century was truly impressive. The report said that more than 3,000 vaccine professionals from all corners of the world received training through IVI’s annual International Vaccinology Course. IVI was pivotal in the development of two major vaccines, an oral cholera vaccine, and a typhoid conjugate vaccine, and was working on vaccines for 9 further infectious diseases. More than a million people have been vaccinated through IVI campaigns across Africa and Asia. This book tells the short history of the founding of the International Vaccine Institute by the United Nations Development Programme from 1992 to 1997; the beginning of the idea, the drive and struggles of the people who made it possible, and the support of scientists from all over the world regardless of politics.

      • Nanotechnology
        January 2010

        Biotechnology in Animal Health and Production

        by Satish Kumar Jindal & M.C.Sharma

        This book describes and evaluates animal biotechnology and its application in veterinary medicine and pharmaceuticals as well as improvement in animal food production. Transgenic technologies are used for improving milk production and the meat in farm animals as well as for creating models of human diseases. Transgenic animals are used for the production of proteins for human medical use. Biotechnology is applied to facilitate xenotransplantation from animals to humans. Genetic engineering is done in farm animals and nuclear transfer technology has become an important and preferred method for cloning animals. Biotechnology has potential applications in the management of several animal diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease, classical swine fever, avian flue and bovine spongiform encephalopathy. The most important biotechnology based products consist of vaccines, particularly genetically engineered or DNA vaccines. Gene therapy for diseases of pet animals is a fast developing area because many of the technologies used in clinical trials humans were developed in animals and many of the diseases of cats and dogs are similar to those in humans. RNA interference technology is now being applied for research in veterinary medicine. Molecular diagnosis is assuming an important place in veterinary practice. Polymerase chain reaction and its modifications are considered to be important. Fluorescent in situ hybridization and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays are also widely used. Newer biochip-based technologies and biosensors are also finding their way in veterinary diagnostics. This book is an attempt to unravel the mysteries of biotechnology as it affects animal health and production."

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