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View Rights PortalInterventions on behalf of Armenia and Armenians have come to be identified by scholars and practitioners alike as defining moments in the history of humanitarianism. This book reassesses these claims, critically examining a range of interventions by governments, international and diasporic organizations, and individuals that aimed to 'save Armenians'. Drawing on multidisciplinary perspectives, it traces the evolution of these interventions from the late-nineteenth century to the present day, paying particular attention to the aftermaths of the genocide and the upheavals of the post-Soviet period. The contributions connect diverse places (the Caucasus, Russia, the Middle East, Europe, North America, South America, and Australia) to reveal shifting transnational networks of aid and intervention. Aid to Armenia explores this history, and engages critically with contemporary humanitarian questions facing Armenia, the South Caucasus region and the wider diaspora.
This book addresses late-Soviet and post-Soviet art in Armenia in the context of turbulent transformations from the late 1980s to 2004. It explores the emergence of 'contemporary art' in Armenia from within and in opposition to the practices, aesthetics and institutions of Socialist Realism and National Modernism. This historical study outlines the politics (liberal democracy), aesthetics (autonomous art secured by the gesture of the individual artist), and ethics (ideals of absolute freedom and radical individualism) of contemporary art in Armenia and points towards its limitations. Through the historical investigation, a theory of post-Soviet art historiography is developed, one that is based on a dialectic of rupture and continuity in relation to the Soviet past. As the first English-language study on contemporary art in Armenia, the book is of prime interest for artists, scholars, curators and critics interested in post-Soviet art and culture and in global art historiography.
Turkey facing east is about the importance of Turkey's relations with its Eastern neighbours - Azerbaijan, Armenia and the Soviet Union - during the emergence of the modern Turkish nation-state from the ruins of the Ottoman Empire. The principal strength of this book is that it not only combines historical and theoretical arguments in order to provide a better understanding of the foreign relations of a predominantly Muslim country from a critical and interdisciplinary perspective, but it also applies the new approach to the analysis of Turkish foreign policy towards the South Caucasus between 1918 and 1921. Hence, it stands out with its original interdisciplinary approach to the Turkish transition and foreign policy-making that offers perspectives on the extant possibilities for the particular transitional states resulting from the Arab spring uprisings.
Christian dualism originated in the reign of Constans II (641-68). It was a popular religion, which shared with orthodoxy an acceptance of scriptual authority and apostolic tradition and held a sacramental doctrine of salvation, but understood all these in a radically different way to the Orthodox Church. One of the differences was the strong part demonology played in the belief system. This text traces, through original sources, the origins of dualist Christianity throughout the Byzantine Empire, focusing on the Paulician movement in Armenia and Bogomilism in Bulgaria. It presents not only the theological texts, but puts the movements into their social and political context.
What happened to the Armenians who remained in the Ottoman Empire in 1915? What state policy did Turkey adopt towards them? How did it happen that after 1920 the Soviet Union was studying the treaties of Kars and Sevres and seriously discussing the problem of reclaiming Kars and Ardahan from Turkey? Why did the announcement of Soviet Armenia's immigration appear right in the middle and at the most dangerous point of the relationship between the Soviet Union and Turkey, which is a historical confrontation, but which is being formed with a new political order and methods?A book that was awaited especially by those who noticed the active work of Turkish historians in the archives. In the archives where it is possible to find documents and information about the Armenian Genocide, survivors and descendants. This time, two Armenian Turkologists worked in the archives in detail and with care.They found and presented information about the Armenians who took the path of "escape" from Erg to Armenia, kept under the "strictly secret" file and until now unknown. Why and how they decided, came and stayed: the Armenians of Turkey and their descendants tell the story in this book. From the trauma of the Genocide to the process of ghettoization in Armenia. what the repatriates went through.
Professor, architect theorist, specialist in the history of modernism Karen Balyan’s book is dedicated to the work of Phoenix Darbinyan (1924-1996), one of the most prominent names in the Armenian modernism. On the initiative of the honored architect of the Republic of Armenia Phoenix Darbinyan and the mayor of Yerevan Grigor Hasratyan, the center of Yerevan was modernized, the "Ani" hotel was reconstructed, the section between Abovyan Street: Tumanyan and Moskovyan streets were modernized and the “Ring Park” with large fountains. The book presents other structures and projects by Phoenix Darbinyan. Many of the materials, drawings and photos are from architect's personal archive and are published for the first time. The book was funded and published on the initiative of the Hasratyan-Minasyan Foundation.
China-Africa Economics and Trade Cooperation: Case Studies and Plans comes in 3 languages: Chinese(2 volumes), English(2 volumes), and French(2 volumes). This book series include 101 excellent case studies , which related to 21 Chinese provinces and cities and 31 countries in Africa, containing agriculture, manufacturing, commerce and trade, infrastructure, industrial parks, energy and mining, financing and other fields in China-Africa economic and trade cooperation. This set of books is practical and useful for all readers. In addition, the book gives the vivid interpretation on the concept of common prosperity, win-win cooperation, mutual negotiation and construction, shared innovation and progression of Belt and Road Initiative.
100 years ago, Armenian thought was inspired by European values. First it was socialism, now it is democracy. 100 years ago, and today, the main question remains the same: how to build relations with Russia?At the beginning of the last century, Armenians in the Ottoman, Iranian and Russian empires actively participated in future-oriented ideological discussions. The Caucasian events of 1917 showed the ideological differences of Armenian politicians and intellectuals. The role of the Caucasus was redefined. It was a part of the ancient kingdom of Armenians, therefore the territory of Armenian autonomous existence, and then also the restoration of the state.What were the expectations of the Armenian parties from the tsarist government and then from the Bolshevik government? Why did the fate of Western Armenia divide Armenians into Leninist and Plekhanovian ideological camps? Armenians' ideas about the right to self-determination 100 years ago: what has changed?
‘‘The means of dominating a people and assimilating it is to take possession of childhood and youth: this cannot be done by coercion, but the moral means are numerous and effective... The object of our efforts must be the extension of Arabic-French teaching: it is through this that we will take possession of the new generations almost from the cradle.’’ (Leroy-Beaulieu, 1887). (Leroy-Beaulieu, 1887). What is the record of French education in Algeria during the period of colonisation? After 132 years of French presence in Algeria (annexed to France in 1838), how many Algerians (French Muslims, indigenous French subjects) had a sufficient knowledge of the French language, and how many of them had learned to read and write in French? Was compulsory schooling for children aged 6 to 13, in accordance with the J. Ferry law of 1882, applied in Algeria? How many Algerian children attended state schools? How many went to lycée and university? What was the number of students at the time of the country's independence? How many doctors, engineers, primary and secondary school teachers did Algeria have at the time of its independence? What was the status of local languages (Arabic, dialectal Arabic, Berber) in the Algerian education system? As well as answering the questions listed above, this book attempts to analyse the objectives assigned to French schools in Algeria and to study the attitudes of the various populations to the objectives pursued. What role did education play in the various forms of colonial ‘confrontation’? What was the role of the elites produced by the colonial education system? And what role and place did they occupy in the struggle for Algerian independence? Were they the driving force behind the independence movement, as the Europeans in Algeria feared? Or did they mediate between colonisation and the mass of the colonised, as the enlightened ideologists of the colonial system hoped?
What is the appearance of the famous Liangzhou statue? Why is the image of the newly arrived Bodhisattva in Beiliang so different from that in the mainland? What "The Grotto Corridor of China" does is to focus on presenting this cultural birthmark and artistic treasure left by the Silk Road to Gansu, to revive the millennium grottoes, and to let the audience enter the history and discover a wonderful China in the grottoes.
"Never invest beyond theShanhai Pass", as the saying goes.The particular cultural environment and openness make the brain drain in Northeast China extremely serious. However, Miao Qing, a seemingly delicate doctoral student from a famous school, resolutely went northward because she had a personal plan thatwas related to both her father and herself, namely, to design a world-leading large aircraft. Her father once said that just as a poet without imagination must be a lousy poet, a country without advanced aircraft could never escape the fate of a backward country. For this reason, Miao Qing started her career atKunpeng Group, later went to Feiying Company to produce a leading small low-altitude aerial drone, and then sheplayed the leading role in the national G-31 project that designed a stealth supersonic aircraft and made a successful trial flight.
Se trata de gente: una variedad de personajes de la Ciudad Vieja de Jerusalén por Harout Bedrossian Harout Bedrossian, joven escritor armenio de la Ciudad Vieja de Jerusalén, logra representar en esta novela compacta a una variedad de personajes de diversos ámbitos, que inesperadamente se interconectan y correlacionan a pesar de las distintas maneras que tienen de ver las cosas. Un joven con bajo cociente de inteligencia lucha por integrarse. A pesar de que se le considera una persona carente de emociones, de que la sociedad lo condena al ostracismo y de que su padre lo maltrata, se enamora y, para sorpresa de su madre, una mujer lo ama y también lo acepta. Un famoso atleta, que ha perdido la fama y ha caído en el anonimato, se siente revitalizado al conocer a una joven comprensiva y clemente. Un psiquiatra, que se topó con "el paciente equivocado" que le cambió totalmente la vida, se vio forzado a exilarse de Rusia y, en su nuevo país, se encuentra con una cultura totalmente diferente, mientras su pasado lo sigue atormentando. Un joven cristiano devoto, falsamente acusado y que acaba en prisión, sigue lleno de vida y esperanza, confía en el Señor y cree que todo lo que sucede en la vida debe tener un motivo. Una desafortunada víctima de violación aprende de nuevo a amar y otros varios personajes se descubren a sí mismos a través de sus interacciones con los demás. El autor no menciona la nacionalidad de la mayoría de los personajes involucrados, ya que sus problemas y dificultades son puramente humanos y universales, sean israelíes o palestinos, cristianos, musulmanes o judíos y sostiene que, esencialmente, debemos hacer frente a los mismos elementos humanos. El relato, que transcurre principalmente en Jerusalén, está inspirado en personas que la autora conoció a través de su labor profesional en visitas a hospitales psiquiátricos, que representan a la población diversa que sólo se encuentra en un país multicultural como Israel. Estos elementos humanos de la obra de Bedrossian quizá evoquen en la memoria del lector al célebre escritor estadounidense de origen armenio William Saroyan, que deleitó a millones con sus narraciones acerca de personas fracasadas decididas a triunfar. Harout Bedrossian nació en 1972 en Jerusalén, viajó a Florida en 1989 y obtuvo su bachillerato en un colegio secundario de West Palm Beach. Tras regresar a Jerusalén, comenzó a trabajar como ayudante de profesor y se licenció en psicología y criminología en la Universidad de Sudáfrica. Por el hecho de haber nacido y haberse criado en el seno de una familia armenia de Jerusalén, se ha visto expuesto a la cultura armenia, a la árabe y a la judía y habla con fluidez armenio, inglés, hebreo y árabe.
Vladimir Putin has been ruling Russia for 25 years. There is no end in sight to his dictatorship. He relies on repression at home and is waging a war of destruction against a neighbouring country. The conflict with the West has long become a systemic conflict between an illiberal-autocratic ideology and liberal-democratic principles. Nothing will change as long as Putin remains in power. Nevertheless, as far as can be ascertained under unfree conditions, the majority of the population seems to be supporting Putin. Does this mean that too many people in Russia do not want democracy or peace? Will everything remain the same after Putin? Or is there a chance that Russia will eventually take a different, more democratic path? Whatever the outcome of the war in Ukraine, Russia is not going to disappear. We will still have to deal with our big neighbour in the east. This makes it all the more important to focus on longer-term developments. As a recognised expert on Russian history and society, the author outlines what the post-Putin era might look like. His in-depth analysis makes it clear that Russia is partly Putin, but Putin is not everything about Russia.
This book examines how Ireland's relationship with the EU was affected by a succession of crises in both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. The financial crisis, the Brexit crisis and the migration crisis were not of equal significance on the island of Ireland. The financial crisis was a huge issue for the Republic but not Northern Ireland, Brexit had a major impact in both polities, the migration and populism issues were less controversial, while foreign policy challenges had a minimal impact. The book provides a summary of the main features of each of the crises to be considered, from both the EU and the Irish perspective. Ireland and the European Union is the first volume of its kind to provide a comprehensive analysis on British-Irish relations in the context of Brexit. It assesses the Withdrawal Agreement and Protocol on Ireland/Northern Ireland, the devolution settlement and the 1998 Agreement, as well as the European dimension to Northern Ireland's peace process. The contributors explore a number of policy areas that are central to the understanding of each of the crises and the impact of each for Ireland. Chapters examine issues such as security, migration and taxation as well as protest politics, political parties, the media, public opinion and the economic impact of each of these crises on Ireland's relationship with the EU.
The relationship between Germany and Russia is Europe's most important link with the largest country on the continent. But despite Germany's unparalleled knowledge and historical experience, its policymakers struggle to accept that Moscow's efforts to rebalance Europe at the cost of the cohesion of the EU and NATO are an attack on Germany's core interests. This book explains the scale of the challenge facing Germany in managing relations with a changing Russia. It analyses how successive German governments from 1991 to 2014 misread Russian intentions, until Angela Merkel sharply recalibrated German and EU policy towards Moscow. The book also examines what lies behind efforts to revise Merkel's bold policy shift, including attitudes inherited from the GDR and the role of Russian influence channels in Germany.
According to the chronological order, the book introduces the history of China from ancient times to modern society. It is rich in content, concise in writing and exquisite in pictures. It is a good book to understand the history of China.
Neste terceiro volume da Colectânea de Contos Traduzidos pelos vencedores do Concurso de Tradução Literária, apresentamos seis contos publicados entre 2017 e 2019 no âmbito do Caine Prize for African Writing e da colectânea New Short Fiction from Africa: ‘Involução’ da autoria da sul-africana Stacy Hardy que aborda abertamente a sexualidade da mulher, também preocupações sociais e políticas, faz alusão a questões como a degradação ambiental, o colonialismo e direitos da mulher, ancorados numa teatralidade conceptual necessária para que o conto não se torne efémero e engaje o sentido de humor do leitor para o aproximar da mente aberta de Hardy. ‘A heroína misteriosa’ ou ‘Mavbanelo na mayi’ em Bitonga, é da autoria da Tanzaniana Lydia Kasese. Ela escreve sobre as expectativas e pressões sociais que levam as mulheres a desejarem concertar tudo. Neste conto Kasese traz destramente à luz questões sobre o abuso de menores e o seu impacto sobre as famílias na Tanzânia e, não só. Alinafe Malonje estreou-se nesta colectânea da Short Story Day com o conto ‘Manutenção de Rotina’, um registo metafísico de um hotel: parte alegoria, parte meditação com um subtil comentário sobre o que significa ser mulher no Malawi. Natasha Omokhodion-Kalulu Banda cria um fabuloso hotel de fantasia que contém realidades sinistras, construindo um persuasivo mundo alternativo. Tariro Ndoro em ‘A lenda das duas irmãs’, ou ‘Xihitana xa vamakwavu na makwavu’ em Changana, traz uma abordagem arrepiante dos perigos da saudade, onde a busca por uma irmã num hotel de luxo em Victoria Falls tem um fim fantasmagórico. Mampianina Randria nos apresenta em ‘O Gatilho’, ou ‘Niyódeké sê xidúvúlá’ em Changana, um conto com um ritmo cerrado e um desfecho totalmente inesperado onde uma mulher que lida com as frustrações de quem entra na vida adulta.
This is a study of Britain's presence in China both at its peak, and during its inter-war dissolution in the face of assertive Chinese nationalism and declining British diplomatic support. Using archival materials from China and records in Britain and the United States, the author paints a portrait of the traders, missionaries, businessmen, diplomats and settlers who constituted "Britain-in-China", challenging our understanding of British imperialism there. Bickers argues that the British presence in China was dominated by urban settlers whose primary allegiance lay not with any grand imperial design, but with their own communities and precarious livelihoods. This brought them into conflict not only with the Chinese population, but with the British imperial government. The book also analyzes the formation and maintenance of settler identities, and then investigates how the British state and its allies brought an end to the reign of freelance, settler imperialism on the China coast. At the same time, other British sectors, missionary and business, renegotiated their own relationship with their Chinese markets and the Chinese state and distanced themselves from the settler British.