Multiple sclerosis is a highly heterogeneous disease with a dissimilar disease course and a different response to therapies among individual patients. Although a cure for MS is still a distant prospect, the disease will be manageable in most patients with appropriate therapies. The most important challenge regarding these therapeutic interventions will be to tailor the therapy to the needs of the patients and the severity of the disease. This book of thirteen concise chapters provides an expert perspective on the disease and its treatment in different individuals and future prospects and directions for research and therapy.