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      • Trusted Partner
        Literature & Literary Studies
        January 2013

        The Papal Reform of the Eleventh Century

        Lives of Pope Leo IX and Pope Gregory VII

        by I. Robinson

        The eleventh-century papal reform transformed western European Church and society and permanently altered the relations of Church and State in the west. The reform was inaugurated by Pope Leo IX (1048-54) and given a controversial change of direction by Pope Gregory VII (1073-85). This book contains the earliest biographies of both popes, presented here for the first time in English translation with detailed commentaries. The biographers of Leo IX were inspired by his universally acknowledged sanctity, whereas the biographers of Gregory VII wrote to defend his reputation against the hostility generated by his reforming methods and his conflict with King Henry IV. Also included is a translation of Book to a Friend, written by Bishop Bonizo of Sutri soon after the death of Gregory VII, as well as an extract from the violently anti-Gregorian polemic of Bishop Benzo of Alba (1085) and the short biography of Leo IX composed in the papal curia in the 1090s by Bishop Bruno of Segni. These fascinating narrative sources bear witness to the startling impact of the papal reform and of the 'Investiture Contest', the conflict of empire and papacy that was one of its consequences. An essential collection of translated texts for students of medieval history.

      • Trusted Partner
        Humanities & Social Sciences
        September 2019

        Reformation without end

        by Jason Peacey, Robert Ingram

      • Trusted Partner
        Humanities & Social Sciences
        January 2020

        Lollards in the English Reformation

        by Susan Royal, Anthony Milton

      • Trusted Partner
        Humanities & Social Sciences
        December 2007

        Calvinist churches in early modern Europe

        by Andrew Spicer, Joseph Bergin, Penny Roberts, Bill Naphy

        For ordinary people, the impact of the Reformation would have centred around local parish churches, rather than the theological debates of the Reformers. Focusing on the Calvinists, this volume explores how the architecture, appearance and arrangement of places of worship were transformed by new theology and religious practice. Based on original research and site visits, this book charts the impact of the Reformed faith across Europe, concentrating in particular on France, the Netherlands and Scotland. While in some areas a Calvinist Reformation led to the adaptation of existing buildings, elsewhere it resulted in the construction of new places of worship to innovative new designs. Reformed places of worship also reflected local considerations, vested interests and civic aspirations, often employing the latest styles and forms of decoration, and here provide a lens through which to examine not only the impact of the Reformation at a local level but also the character of the different religious settlements across Europe during the late sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. ;

      • Trusted Partner
        Humanities & Social Sciences
        May 2016

        Calvinist churches in early modern Europe

        by Joseph Bergin, Penny Roberts, Bill Naphy, Andrew Spicer

        For ordinary people, the impact of the Reformation would have centred around local parish churches, rather than the theological debates of the Reformers. Focusing on the Calvinists, this volume explores how the architecture, appearance and arrangement of places of worship were transformed by new theology and religious practice. Based on original research and site visits, this book charts the impact of the Reformed faith across Europe, concentrating in particular on France, the Netherlands and Scotland. While in some areas a Calvinist Reformation led to the adaptation of existing buildings, elsewhere it resulted in the construction of new places of worship to innovative new designs. Reformed places of worship also reflected local considerations, vested interests and civic aspirations, often employing the latest styles and forms of decoration, and here provide a lens through which to examine not only the impact of the Reformation at a local level but also the character of the different religious settlements across Europe during the late sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.

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      • Trusted Partner
        Humanities & Social Sciences
        July 2002

        The Swiss Reformation

        The Swiss Reformation

        by Bruce Gordon, Mark Greengrass

        The Swiss Reformation was a seminal event of the sixteenth century which created a Protestant culture whose influence spread across Europe from Transylvania to Scotland. Offers the first comprehensive study of the Swiss Reformation and argues that the movement must be understood in terms of the historical evolution of the Swiss Confederation, its unique and fluid structures, the legacy of the mercenary trade, the distinctive character of Swiss theology, the powerful influence of Renaissance humanism, and, most decisively, the roles played by the dominant figures, Huldrych Zwingli and Heinrich Bullinger. Marked by astounding creative energy, incendiary preaching, burning political passions, peasant revolts, and breath-taking scholarship, as well as by painful divisions, civil war, executions and dashed hopes, the story of the Swiss Reformation is told with extensive use of primary sources. Explores the narrative of events before turning to consider themes such as the radical opposition, church and community, daily life in the Confederation, cultural achievements and the Swiss place in the wider European Reformation world. ;

      • Trusted Partner
        Humanities & Social Sciences
        January 2020

        Ideas of monarchical reform

        Fénelon, Jacobitism, and the political works of the Chevalier Ramsay

        by Joseph Bergin, Andrew Mansfield, Penny Roberts, William G. Naphy

        This book examines the political works of Andrew Michael Ramsay (1683-1743) within the context of early eighteenth-century British and French political thought. In the first monograph on Ramsay in English for over sixty years, the author uses Ramsay to engage in a broader evaluation of the political theory in the two countries and the exchange between them. At the beginning of the eighteenth century, Britain and France were on divergent political paths. Yet in the first three decades of that century, the growing impetus of mixed government in Britain influenced the political theory of its long-standing enemy. Shaped by experiences and ideologies of the seventeenth century, thinkers in both states exhibited a desire to produce great change by integrating past wisdom with modern knowledge.

      • Trusted Partner
        European history
        January 2003

        Religion and superstition in Reformation Europe

        by Edited by Christopher Durston and Judith Maltby

        What, in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, was 'superstition'? Where might it be found, and how might it be countered? How was the term used, and how effective a weapon was it in the assault on traditional religion?. The ease with which accusations of 'superstition' slipped into the language of Reformation debate has ensured that one of the most fought over terms in the history of early modern popular culture, especially religious culture, is also one of the most difficult to define. Offers a novel approach to the issue, based upon national and regional studies, and examinations of attitudes to prophets, ghosts, saints and demonology, alongside an analysis of Catholic responses to the Reformation and the apparent presence of 'superstition' in the reformed churches. Challenges the assumptions that Catholic piety was innately superstitious, while Protestantism was rational, and suggests that the early modern concept of 'superstition' needs more careful treatment by historians. Demands that the terminology and presuppositions of historical discourse on the Reformation be altered to remove lingering sectarian polemic.

      • Trusted Partner
        September 2016

        Geschichte der Reformation in Deutschland

        by Thomas Kaufmann

        Die traditionelle, protestantisch geprägte Geschichtsauffassung sah in der »Tat Luthers« eine Befreiung von den »dunklen Mächten« der Papstkirche und ein »Ende des Mittelalters«. Doch weder war das Spätmittelalter »finster« noch Luther eine Lichtgestalt. Sein kirchlicher Reformimpuls steht im Kontext vielfältiger Umbrüche, die um 1500 im politischen, ökonomischen und kulturellen Leben einsetzten. Dass die Reformation viele Menschen mitriss und zuletzt in ein eigenes Kirchenwesen mündete, war nur möglich, weil verschiedene Akteure (Landesfürsten, städtische Magistrate, Bürger und Bauern) etwas mit ihr »anfangen« konnten. Dabei spielten auch die neuen Massenmedien der Zeit (Flugschriften, Predigten) eine große Rolle. Das zuerst 2009 im Verlag der Weltreligionen unter dem Titel Geschichte der Reformation erschienene Buch wurde für die Neuausgabe durchgesehen, aktualisiert und um einen Epilog erweitert, der unter anderem auf die Geschichte der Reformationsjubiläen zurück- und auf das Lutherjahr 2017 vorausblickt.

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        Biography & True Stories
        August 2018

        Tao Shu: Biography of a Chinese Reformer

        by Tao Yongshu

        Tao Shu, a pioneer of humanistic pragmatism and westernization in the latter Qing Dynasty, is a representative of modern talents in Hunan. The book is mainly a biography focusing on academic research and commentary. The book presents the lengendary figure Tao Shu from various perspectives in a true way. It is divided into five chapters: the 1st chapter introduces the education and family background of Tao Shu, the 2nd to 4th chapter clarify Tao Shu as a politician, a reformer, and an educator, and the last chapter shows the achievements in terms of philosophy, historiography, genealogy, textogy, and literature including poem writing.

      • Trusted Partner
        November 2018

        The Doctrine of Election in Reformed Perspective

        Historical and Theological Investigations of the Synod of Dordt 1618–1619

        by Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht

      • Trusted Partner
        Humanities & Social Sciences
        February 2023

        Eternal light and earthly concerns

        Belief and the shaping of medieval society

        by Paul Fouracre

        In early Christianity it was established that every church should have a light burning on the altar at all times. In this unique study, Eternal light and earthly concerns, looks at the material and social consequences of maintaining these 'eternal' lights. It investigates how the cost of lighting was met across western Europe throughout the whole of the Middle Ages, revealing the social organisation that was built up around maintaining the lights in the belief that burning them reduced the time spent in Purgatory. When that belief collapsed in the Reformation the eternal lights were summarily extinguished. The history of the lights thus offers not only a new account of change in medieval Europe, but also a sustained examination of the relationship between materiality and belief.

      • Trusted Partner
        Humanities & Social Sciences
        July 2018

        Security sector reform in transforming societies

        Croatia, Serbia and Montenegro

        by Timothy Edmunds

        This book is about the relationship between societies and their security forces at times of great political and societal change. It uses the experiences of Croatia, Serbia and Montenegro to examine the control, management and reform of armed forces, police and intelligence agencies in the aftermath of conflict and authoritarianism. The book assesses the theory and practice of security sector reform programmes in the context of Europe and the Western Balkans, the relationship between security sector reform and normative international policy more generally, and the broader dynamics of post-conflict and post-authoritarian transformation. In so doing it addresses two underlying questions. First, how and in what ways does reform in the security sector interrelate with processes of domestic political and societal transformation, particularly democratisation. Second, how and in what ways do these processes relate and respond to internationally-driven efforts to promote a particular type of security sector reform as a component of wider peacebuilding and democracy promotion strategies.

      • Trusted Partner
        Teaching, Language & Reference
        October 2018

        Rwanda’s Land Tenure Reform

        Non-existent to Best Practice

        by Thierry Hoza Ngoga

        Rwanda's Land Tenure Reform: Non-existent to Best Practice provides a detailed account of how Rwanda managed to systematically demarcate and register all land, comprising over 10 million parcels within five years. This book: - Provides a detailed account of how Rwanda built a land administration system which is now internationally viewed as a model of success for implementing a complex land reform programme in the developing world. - Considers the ways in which land tenure reform has contributed to the country's development beyond the land sector. - Discusses how Rwanda's example can be followed by other countries wishing to embark on similar programmes of designing and implementing a nationwide land tenure regularisation programme. - Provides key strategic orientation to achieve a sustainable land administration programme. Offering a comprehensive narrative of the land tenure reform programme from inception to implementation, this book will be important reading for policy makers, land administration professionals, academics and development partners working in land administration and land tenure programmes in developing countries. Thierry Hoza Ngoga is a land development professional with special focus on land administration, land tenure and land use planning. He worked on Rwanda's land tenure regularisation reform programme for over 12 years in various capacities, most recently as Head of Land Technical Operations overseeing land use planning, land surveying and the land administration information system. He is currently working on land development issues focusing on building institutional and policy development in several African countries.

      • Trusted Partner
        Humanities & Social Sciences
        January 2020

        Reform and the papacy in the eleventh century

        Spirituality and social change

        by S. H. Rigby, Kathleen G. Cushing

        This book explores the relationship between the papacy and reform against the backdrop of social and religious change in later tenth and eleventh-century Europe. Placing this relationship in the context of the debate about 'transformation', it reverses the recent trend among historians to emphasise the reform developments in the localities at the expense of those being undertaken in Rome. It focuses on how the papacy took an increasingly active part in shaping the direction of both its own reform and that of society, whose reform became an essential part of realising its objective of a free and independent Church. It also addresses the role of the Latin Church in western Europe around the year 1000, the historiography of reform, the significance of the 'Peace of God' as a reformist movement, the development of the papacy in the eleventh century, the changing attitudes towards simony, clerical marriage and lay investiture, reformist rhetoric aimed at the clergy, and how reformist writings sought to change the behaviour and expectations of the aristocracy. Summarising current literature while presenting a cogent and nuanced argument about the complex nature and development of reform, this book will be invaluable for an undergraduate and specialist audience alike.

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