National Academies Press
The National Academies Press (NAP)publish the reports of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine. They published more than 200 books a year on a wide range of topics.
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July 2006Schopenhauer für Boshafte
by Arthur Schopenhauer, Norbert Wank, Norbert Wank
Für Liebhaber des boshaften Humors: Arthur Schopenhauer. »In unserem monogamischen Weltteile heißt heiraten, seine Rechte zu halbieren und seine Pflichten zu verdoppeln.«
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Humanities & Social SciencesMarch 2017Imperialism and the natural world
by John M. MacKenzie
Imperial power, both formal and informal, and research in the natural sciences were closely dependent in the nineteenth century. This book examines a portion of the mass-produced juvenile literature, focusing on the cluster of ideas connected with Britain's role in the maintenance of order and the spread of civilization. It discusses the political economy of Western ecological systems, and the consequences of their extension to the colonial periphery, particularly in forms of forest conservation. Progress and consumerism were major constituents of the consensus that helped stabilise the late Victorian society, but consumerism only works if it can deliver the goods. From 1842 onwards, almost all major episodes of coordinated popular resistance to colonial rule in India were preceded by phases of vigorous resistance to colonial forest control. By the late 1840s, a limited number of professional positions were available for geologists in British imperial service, but imperial geology had a longer pedigree. Modern imperialism or 'municipal imperialism' offers a broader framework for understanding the origins, long duration and persistent support for overseas expansion which transcended the rise and fall of cabinets or international realignments in the 1800s. Although medical scientists began to discern and control the microbiological causes of tropical ills after the mid-nineteenth century, the claims for climatic causation did not undergo a corresponding decline. Arthur Pearson's Pearson's Magazine was patriotic, militaristic and devoted to royalty. The book explores how science emerged as an important feature of the development policies of the Colonial Office (CO) of the colonial empire.
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December 2003Marx' Gespenster
Der verschuldete Staat, die Trauerarbeit und die neue Internationale
by Jacques Derrida, Susanne Lüdemann
Jacques Derridas Auseinandersetzung mit der Theorie von Marx und ihrem Erbe gehört zu den meistdiskutierten philosophischen Texten der Gegenwart. Hier geht es um nichts Geringeres als um das Erbe des Marxismus, um Marx' Testament, um seine Vergangenheit und seine Gegenwart. Marx' Gespenster eröffnet eine neue Perspektive auf die Philosophie von Marx. »Ein Gespenst geht um in Europa«, so könnte man beginnen und zugleich seine gespenstische Gegenwart konstatieren. »Es gilt, auf magische Weise ein Gespenst auszutreiben, die mögliche Rückkehr einer Macht zu bannen, die für böse an sich gehalten wird und deren dämonische Drohung fortfährt, das Jahrhundert heimzusuchen.«
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October 2017Not Our Day to Die
by Michael Sullivan
It was work for Mike Sullivan–a flying job like the ones he'd done most of his life in many parts of the world–ferrying people, medicine, crops, supplies and almost anything else you can think of among the isolated jungle villages of Guatemala. Life in the farming co-ops there was simple, peaceful, and good, based on bedrocks of family, community, and faith.Then the repression began. A failed attempt at a coup had led to continued fighting between rebels and government, though in areas far from the almost-utopian Ixcan region. U.S. military and CIA intervention helped defeat the insurgency, but the social inequalities that had led to the movement remained, and the revolution went underground. The Guatemalan army, searching everywhere for those who opposed it, increased its control over the isolated jungle area. Co-op directors, teachers, catechists, and then anyone suspected of being one of or assisting the guerrillas was selectively "disappeared." The army turned to a scorched-earth policy, killing animals, burning crops, uprooting fruit trees, destroying towns, massacring their people. Throughout the Ixcan, those who survived fled. Some returned to their original mountain villages, others crossed the border into Mexico, and a third group survived for sixteen years hiding in the jungle–men, women, and children. Primeval growth took over the land as the war with the guerrilla movement raged on to encompass the entire nation.When finally peace accords were signed, the people of the Ixcan returned. Homes were rebuilt, land reclaimed, the area thrived again. But sixteen years were lost, along with countless lives. For Mike Sullivan, who had returned there when his help was needed, the story of those years–of how the people of the Ixcan survived, and of the many who didn't–was one that had to be told. In three visits, he conducted the interviews that form this book, talking with the villagers he'd known long before. At first, they spoke hesitantly, then with the flood force of vivid memory, telling of their first arrival at the Ixcan, the lives they'd made, and the years of the repression and worse. Their stories are gripping, fascinating, painful–but most of all, deeply human as we witness their struggle to survive and feel the force of the simple values that ultimately carried them through to a new and better life.
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May 2011Für Marx
by Louis Althusser, Frieder Otto Wolf, Gabriele Sprigath, Karin Brachmann, Frieder Otto Wolf
Louis Althusser Gesammelte Schriften Band 3 Herausgegeben von Frieder Otto Wolf in den Verlagen Westfälisches Dampfboot, VSA und Suhrkamp Louis Althussers 1965 in Frankreich erschienener Band Pour Marx (dt. Für Marx, 1968 im Suhrkamp Verlag) revolutionierte die linke Theorie. Althusser brach mit dem ökonomischen Determinismus seiner Zeit und analysierte kapitalistische Herrschaft als ein Verhältnis, in das auch die Unterdrückten verstrickt sind. Seine Gedanken zur Überdeterminierung, sowie spätere zur »Anrufung« des Subjekts, zu den »Ideologischen Staatsapparaten« und zur Philosophie als »Klassenkampf in der Theorie« sind unter anderem von Judith Butler, Michel Foucault, Chantal Mouffe und Antonio Negri aufgegriffen und fortgeführt worden. Sämtliche Beiträge der französischen Ausgabe sind hier erstmals gesammelt auf deutsch, in durchgesehenen und teilweise neuen Übersetzungen verfügbar, versehen mit einem ausführlichen Nachwort. Louis Althusser (1918-1990) war einer der einflussreichsten marxistischen Theoretiker des 20. Jahrhunderts. Er war Lehrer von Michel Foucault, Jacques Derrida, Nicos Poulantzas, Bernard-Henri Lévy, Jacques Rancière und Étienne Balibar.
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Humanities & Social SciencesSeptember 2024Manchester minds
A university history of ideas
by Stuart Jones
A bicentennial celebration of brilliant thinkers from The University of Manchester's history. The year 2024 marks two centuries since the establishment of The University of Manchester in its earliest form. The first of England's civic universities, Manchester has been home and host to a huge number of influential thinkers and generated world-changing ideas. This book presents a rich account of the remarkable contribution that people associated with The University of Manchester have made to human knowledge. A who's who of Manchester greats, it presents fascinating snapshots of pioneering artists, scholars and scientists, from the poet and activist Eva Gore-Booth to the economist Arthur Lewis, the computer scientist Alan Turing and the physicist Brian Cox.
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December 1988Lord Arthur Saviles Verbrechen und andere Geschichten
by Oscar Wilde, Michael Schroeder, Christine Hoeppener
Lord Arthur Savile plant einen Mord. Hat ihm doch ein Chiromant jüngst auf einem Empfang bei Lady Windermere prophezeit, dieses schreckliche Verbrechen zu begehen. Nun empfindet er diese Weissagung als Schicksal und auch als Verpflichtung, der er sich noch vor seiner Hochzeit mit einer jungen Dame der Gesellschaft rasch und sauber entledigen will.
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Biography & True StoriesNovember 2024Walking in the dark
James Baldwin, my father and I
by Douglas Field
A moving exploration of the life and work of the celebrated American writer, blending biography and memoir with literary criticism. Since James Baldwin's death in 1987, his writing - including The Fire Next Time, one of the manifestoes of the Civil Rights Movement, and Giovanni's Room, a pioneering work of gay fiction - has only grown in relevance. Douglas Field was introduced to Baldwin's essays and novels by his father, who witnessed the writer's debate with William F. Buckley at Cambridge University in 1965. In Walking in the dark, he embarks on a journey to unravel his life-long fascination and to understand why Baldwin continues to enthral us decades after his death. Tracing Baldwin's footsteps in France, the US and Switzerland, and digging into archives, Field paints an intimate portrait of the writer's life and influence. At the same time, he offers a poignant account of coming to terms with his father's Alzheimer's disease. Interweaving Baldwin's writings on family, illness, memory and place, Walking in the dark is an eloquent testament to the enduring power of great literature to illuminate our paths.
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Humanities & Social SciencesMarch 2017Child, nation, race and empire
Child rescue discourse, England, Canada and Australia, 1850–1915
by Margot Hillel, Shurlee Swain, Andrew Thompson, John M. MacKenzie
Child, nation, race and empire is an innovative, inter-disciplinary, cross cultural study that contributes to understandings of both contemporary child welfare practices and the complex dynamics of empire. It analyses the construction and transmission of nineteenth-century British child rescue ideology. Locating the origins of contemporary practice in the publications of the prominent English Child rescuers, Dr Barnardo, Thomas Bowman Stephenson, Benjamin Waugh, Edward de Montjoie Rudolf and their colonial disciples and literature written for children, it shows how the vulnerable body of the child at risk came to be reconstituted as central to the survival of nation, race and empire. Yet, as the shocking testimony before the many official enquiries into the past treatment of children in out-of-home 'care' held in Britain, Ireland, Australia and Canada make clear, there was no guarantee that the rescued child would be protected from further harm.
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November 2020Major Scientific and Technological Innovations in Ancient China (First Series)
by Institute of the History of Natural Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences
This book provides us with historical clues and development status of China's major scientific and technological inventions, which is conducive to inspiring readers to create new inspirations, trigger new scientific thinking, and develop new technological achievements.
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October 2000Arthur Schopenhauer
Szenen aus der Umgebung der Philosophie
by Alfred Estermann
Alfred Estermann folgt den Spuren des Genies in seiner Zeit, in seinem Alltag. Die einzelnen Studien sind durch neue Dokumente ergänzt, einige Texte werden hier erstmals publiziert, andere in originalgetreuer Fassung wiedergegeben. Das Verhältnis zwischen Schopenhauer und Richard Wagner, wie auch umgekehrt die komplexe Beziehung Wagners zu Schopenhauer, wird revidierend betrachtet, die wiederentdeckte erste Fassung des bedeutenden Schopenhauer-Porträts Franz von Lenbachs vorgestellt. Eine Analyse der jahrzehntelangen Serie von Vorreden-Entwürfen zu seinem Zentralwerk »Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung« illustriert Schopenhauers unermüdliche Streitlust, führt ihn in seinem kampf um Anerkennung, in seiner Unversönlichkeit, in seinen Feindschaften vor. Zum privaten Bereich zählt die schwierige Korrespondenz mit einem Jugendfreund, zur philosophischen Arbeit sein neu aufgefundenes Handexemplar einer Schrift Immanuel Kants. Und geradezu testamentarischen Charakter mag Schopenhauers hier erstmals vollständig wiedergegebener, wenige Wochen vor seinem Tode geschriebener letzter Brief haben.
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July 1980Analytische Philosophie der Geschichte
by Arthur C. Danto, Jürgen Behrens
Arthur C. Danto hat in diesem Buch den ersten Versuch einer grundlegenden Kritik traditioneller philosophischer Geschichtsauffassungen aus der Sicht der analytischen Philosophie vorgelegt und Prolegomena zu einer analytischen Philosophie der Geschichte entwickelt. Polemisch gegen jeglichen historischen Relativismus gewendet, arbeitet er Grundzüge einer »temporalen Sprache« heraus, die ihm die Geltung von Aussagen über die Vergangenheit zu sichern scheinen. Seine zentrale These: alle Geschichtsschreibung, ob beschreibender oder erklärender Art, hat eine narrative Struktur.
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Humanities & Social SciencesJanuary 1998Neville Chamberlain, appeasement and the British road to war
by Frank McDonough, Mark Greengrass
Re-examines the controversial policy of appeasement. The text suggests that the mood of the age in British society served to support appeasement, by analyzing the cluster of military, strategic, imperial and economic forces which served to justify it. The book argues that, when Neville Chamberlain came to power, appeasement was part of a broad consensus in British society to avoid a second world war. It provides an interpretation of Chamberlain's conduct by showing how he used and abused the mood of the age to justify a selfish and ambitious policy which was idealogically prejudiced. Yet, when Hitler entered Prague in March 1939, the public mood changed, and Chamberlain found himself a prisoner of a new mood which forced him to make a tactical and half-hearted attempt to stand up to Hitler for which he had no enthusiasm. ;
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November 2020Major Scientific and Technological Innovation in Ancient China: Three Agricultural Vehicles
by Institute of the History of Natural Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Explain scientific and technological inventions from historical and modern vivid cases. Show the new scientific research results and precious pictures of our country.
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Humanities & Social Sciences2017Survival as Victory: Ukrainian Women in the Gulag
by Oksana Kis
Of the hundreds of thousands of Ukrainian women were sentenced to the Gulag in the 1940s and 1950s, only half survived. In Survival as Victory, Oksana Kis has produced the first anthropological study of daily life in the Soviet forced labor camps as experienced by Ukrainian women prisoners. Based on the written memoirs, autobiographies, and oral histories of over 150 survivors, this book fills a lacuna in the scholarship regarding Ukrainian experience. Kis details the women’s resistance to the brutality of camp conditions not only through the preservation of customs and traditions from everyday home life, but also through the frequent elision of regional and confessional differences. Following the groundbreaking work of Anne Applebaum’s Gulag: A History (2003), this book is a must-read for anyone interested in gendered strategies of survival, accommodation, and resistance to the dehumanizing effects of the Gulag.
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March 2003Macroshift
Die Herausforderung
by Ervin Laszlo, Klaus Pemsel, Ernst Ulrich von Weizsäcker, Arthur C. Clarke
Ervin Laszlo, 1932 in Budapest geboren, gilt als einer der führenden Vertreter der Systemtheorie und allgemeinen Evolutionstheorie. Er ist Autor von zahlreichen Büchern und über 300 weltweit publizierten Zeitschriftenbeiträgen. Laszlo gründete die General Evolution Research Group, die er bis heute leitet, ist Herausgeber der Vierteljahreszeitschrift World Futures - The Journal of General Evolution und der Buchreihe World Futures General Evolution Studies, Mitherausgeber von Behavioral Science, sowie Hauptherausgeber einer vierbändigen Friedensenzyklopädie. Zu den ihm zuteil gewordenen Würdigungen und Ehrungen gehört das Doctorat des Lettres et Sciences Humaines der Pariser Universität Sorbonne, die Ehrenmedaille der Universität Kyung Hee in Seoul, die Ehrendoktorwürde der Wirtschaftsfakultät der Turko School of Economics and Business Management in Finnland und die Ehrendoktorwürde der Fakultät für Geisteswissenschaften des Saybrook Instituts in San Francisco. Er lehrte Philosophie, Futurologie, Ästhetik und Systemwissenschaften an den Universitäten von Yale, Princeton, Northwestern, Houston, Portland State, Indiana und New York und hat darüber hinaus Vorlesungen in verschiedenen Universitäten und Akademien Europas und des fernen Ostens gehalten. Den Vereinten Nationen diente er als Direktor des Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) und war Rektor der Wiener Akademie. 1994 gründete Laszlo den Club of Budapest, der Antworten auf globale Herausforderungen sucht und dem mittlerweile Persönlichkeiten wie Sir Peter Ustinov, Richard von Weizsäcker und der Dalai Lama beigetreten sind. Er ist Mitglied des Club of Rome, der International Academy of Science und der World Academy of Arts and Science sowie des Vorstands der Université Européenne de Paris. Er ist Geschäftsführer von Environnement Sans Frontières, Generalsekretär des European Culture Impact Research Consortium (EUROCIRCON) und wissenschaftlicher Berater des Generaldirektors der UNESCO.
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