After the extinction of dinosaurs and before the rise of humans, there existed another group of incredible creatures. Among its ranks were woolly rhinos, mastodons, sabre-tooth tigers, giant ground sloths, and many other spectacularly large animals that are no longer with us. Today, we think of these animals as part of a group known as “Pleistocene megafauna,” named for the geological era in which they lived, also known as the Ice Age. In Vanished Giants: The Lost World of the Ice Age, palaeontologist Anthony Stuart explores the lives and environments of these animals, moving between five continents and several key islands that showcase their variety and evolution. Stuart examines the animals themselves via what we’ve learned from fossil remains, and he describes the landscapes, climates, vegetation, ecological interactions, and other likely aspects of their surroundings. It’s a picture of the world as it was at the dawn of our arrival. Unlike the case of dinosaurs, however, there is no asteroid to blame for the end of that world. Instead, it seems likely that the giants of the Ice Age were driven extinct by climate change, human evolution, or perhaps both. Stuart discusses the possibilities using the latest evidence provided by radiocarbon dating, a record that is incomplete but vast and growing. Throughout, a question arises: was the extinction of Ice Age megafauna the beginning of the so-called Sixth Extinction, which is happening now? If so, what might it teach us about contemporary climate change and its likely course?