There can be little doubt that the introduction of proprietary instrumentation for microwave-assisted synthesis has made a dramatic impact on drug discovery. The uptake of this technology in the field has been rapid and universal, although there remains a number of key challenges, such as difficulties with reaction monitoring, facility for scale-up, and integration with other emerging technologies, as well as key ongoing debates, including the presence (or indeed absence) of specific microwave effects. This book brings together a series of excellent reviews from world-leading groups in the field of microwave-mediated chemistry. Overall, this collection of articles from leading authors from both academia and industry highlights the vital contribution of microwaves in medicinal chemistry and underpins the progress that this technology has made over the past few decades.