The book explores two thousand years of history on the territory of modern Ukraine. It is divided into two chapters: the first chapter covers the period from X century BC to III century AD, the second - from the III century to the IX century. The book includes professional opinions of the specialists in various areas of history. The reader can find information on language, religion, mythology, technological development, economics, art, and military affairs of ancient times collected under one roof. The book contains a lot of new and unique information, that appear as a result of the most recent research on the history of Ukraine. Some information is published for the first time. The book is supplemented by rich illustrative material, designed for a wide audience.