Courage and Fear is a study of a multicultural city in times of great change. Olya Hnatiuk presents a meticulously documented portrait of Lviv’s ethnically diverse intellectuals during World War II. As the Soviet, Nazi, and once again Soviet occupations tear the city’s social structures apart, groups of Polish, Ukrainian, and Jewish doctors, academicians, and artists try to survive, struggling to manage complex relationships and to uphold their ethos. As their pre-war lives are violently upended, courage and fear shape their actions. Olya Hnatiuk employs diverse sources in several languages to tell the story of Lviv from a multi-ethnic perspective and to challenge the nation focused narratives dominant in Central and Eastern Europe.